EMT Practice Test

1. Question Content...

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Question1: If a behavior analyst states, "It took four attempts, but Johnny completed the puzzle," she is using which
measure?

Question2: Talking out in class results in a child losing a star on his star chart. The loss of a star appears to be an attempt to implement a(n) __________________ procedure.

Question3: The use of a withdrawal design is LEAST appropriate when:

Question4: A teacher is tracking the performance of both math and spelling assignments for each of her 25 students.
For feedback purposes, she wishes to display each student's percent correct for both areas using a line
graph. What would be the MOST effective and efficient way to accomplish this?

Question5: John's instructional program has successfully increased the number of words he reads correctly per minute. The procedures used include special worksheets, contingent reinforcement for number of words read correctly, and peer tutoring. The behavior analyst wants to determine which part or parts of the treatment have been effective, so he systematically dismantles the treatment and withdraws elements until the reading no longer improves. The behavior analyst is completing A.

Question6: Which characteristic of the response measure shown in this graph changed from baseline during the intervention phase?

Question7: Available resources, applicable federal and state laws, programmatic costs, and a person's adaptive skills, learning history, and personal interests should all be considered as part of the process oF.

Question8: One of the MOST important reasons for writing a precise definition of behavior is that a precise definition:

Question9: The rehabilitation therapist wants to determine if the sensory integration sessions are helping to reduce Ed's hand-slapping. What is the BEST method for recording momentary time-sampling data?

Question10: A behavior analyst is asked to consult about a 10-year-old child who gets out of his seat during class at
least once every 15 minutes. The behavior analyst wants the teacher to collect data on the child's on-task
behavior. Given that the teacher works alone in the classroom with 30 children, the BEST procedure to
employ would be.

Question11: Behavior analytic interventions that are effective in changing an individual's behavior in a socially important
way are said to have:

Question12: A teacher uses a group contingency with her students. She states the following rule: "If everyone gets
100% on their spelling test the week, I will turn cartwheels down the hall for you." What type of group contingency is this?

Question13: If a client exhibits problem behaviors throughout the day and evenings regardless of what is going on in the environment and what activities he/she is participating in, which would be the BEST way to reduce the high frequency and increase latency?

Question14: Non-contingent reinforcement is this type of intervention:

Question15: The purpose of including untaught items or tasks within a Discrete Trial Instruction program is to assess:

Question16: Providing a complete description of one's procedures in a behavior analytic study of classroom management techniques is adhering to which dimensions of behavior analysis?

Question17: A DRI schedule designed to decrease the frequency of running around class and tapping other children on the head involves:

Question18: Non-contingent reinforcement is this type of intervention:

Question19: To teach Beth to wash her hands, staff trained Beth in all the steps identified in the task analysis in each session. They also introduced prompts in successive levels if Beth did not respond after a two-second waiting period. Which behavior chaining procedure was used in this program?

Question20: Tokens are generally referred to as:

Question21: In behavior analysis, the __________________ is usually __________________.

Question22: A behavior analyst is working with an adult client, who is deemed competent. There are multiple potential behavior targets that need to be addressed including smoking cigarettes, nail biting, and compulsive hand washing. As a first goal, the behavior analyst wants the client to focus on eliminating smoking but the client would prefer to focus on nail biting. The behavior analyst should.

Question23: A reliable measure is one that is:

Question24: The "hero procedure" refers to a contingency in which an individual, or small group, earns a reward for a class. This procedure is an example of what type of group contingency?

Question25: You are designing a treatment program for Susan. Before getting into details, you wish to identify some ultimate outcomes towards which Susan will progress. Which of the following is NOT an appropriate ultimate outcome for Susan?

Question26: The use of an alternating treatments design should be considered iF.

Question27: An experimenter examines the level of noise in a school bus full of children under the following conditions:
baseline, rock music, baseline, classical music. In this experiment, the dependent variable is:

Question28: The BEST definition for mouthing behavior would be any instance of Luke.

Question29: Results of a functional assessment reveal that a child engages in hand-biting when she is in a room by herself.
The likely function of behavior is:

Question30: Placing a request that a child is least likely to perform at the end of a series of requests that the child is most likely to perform is a phenomenon known as:

Question31: Identifying the steps involved in evacuating the group home during a fire drill is an example of a (n):

Question32: A behavioral assessment indicates that the problem behavior of a young woman is maintained by others bringing things to her or taking things away following occurrence of the behavior. Since the behavior results in physical injury, the decision to decrease its occurrence has been made. Which is the BEST general approach?

Question33: The specific, or technical, name for the type of procedure used in the above question is:

Question34: Having obtained appropriate consent, a behavior analyst wishes to communicate data to non-behavior analyst colleagues and family of the client. The most appropriate presentation strategy is:

Question35: When using direct instruction programs, teachers are often signaling students to respond in unison and moving through the tasks at a brisk pace so that they can:

Question36: When using direct instruction programs, teachers are often signaling students to respond in unison and moving through the tasks at a brisk pace so that they can:

Question37: A parent reports that her 2-year-old daughter uses a number of stalling techniques to avoid bedtime once she is told to go to bed. What would be a good progress measure for going to bed when told?

Question38: In reference to maintenance, functional arrangements between behavior and antecedent and
consequence events that occur in the environment in which the behavior of interest is to be maintained are
called:

Question39: The matching law states that when responding is reinforced on concurrent VI-20 and VI-50 schedules, the:

Question40: Gradually transferring stimulus control from prompts to other discriminative stimuli is a process called
__________________.

Question41: An experimental design that starts with a baseline phase, followed by a treatment phase, then another
baseline phase, and ends in the same type of treatment phase is called a (n):

Question42: Placing a request that a child is least likely to perform at the end of a series of requests that the child is most likely to perform is a phenomenon known as:

Question43: The purpose of conducting a functional assessment is to:

Question44: Sammy is having a difficult time completing his independent math worksheet on two-digit division. He is
frustrated and doesn't understand how to solve the equations.
Sammy raises his hand and asks for "help." The teacher assists Sammy. Sammy's asking for "help" is?

Question45: Manipulating a students chair in a classroom setting to avoid distraction fro the window is an example of a manipulation of a

Question46: Three boys with autism, ages 7-10 years old, served as participants in a study. During baseline, staff used response blocking when five instances of aggression or head-banging occurred within 10 seconds, until attempts ceased for 1 minute. During baseline and treatment, each occurrence of aggression and head-banging was recorded daily and converted to the number of responses per hour. Treatment comprised a differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior (DRI) schedule coupled with response blocking after every head-banging or aggression. The staff initially applied the treatment to head-banging, while continuing to take a baseline on aggression.
After noting treatment effects on head-banging, the staff then applied the treatment to aggression.
In this scenario, how was direct replication shown?

Question47: Behavioral contracts must include.

Question48: The decision to develop and implement a behavior intervention plan is not made unless:

Question49: What does this graph depict?

Question50: Missy is using a multiple probe across participants design to evaluate the effects of peer tutoring to teach three students to complete division problems. These three students have had no prior instruction in division. Missy MOST LIKELY chose a multiple probe design rather than a multiple baseline design because.

Question51: A behavior analyst decides to replicate a published research project but finds that the information provided does not allow them to complete the project without more information from the author. The article violates which dimension of applied behavior analysis?

Question52: In self-control, where does the ultimate control lie? (Or, why is self-control a misnomer?)

Question53: Sammy is having a difficult time completing his independent math worksheet on two-digit division. He is frustrated and doesn't understand how to solve the equations.
Sammy raises his hand and asks for "help." The teacher assists Sammy. Sammy's asking for "help" is?

Question54: Tony is supervising a work crew at the post office. Every day, his clients are supposed to check each waste bin and empty those that contain trash. Tony takes data on the number of waste bins emptied by the crew. In order to report data in terms of percentage of occurrence Tony MUST also know:

Question55: A child's behavior is being reinforced on a VR 8 schedule during intensive teaching. During the sessions, the child begins to get out of the chair. In order to address this problem, the behavior analyst should switch to which schedule?

Question56: A reliable measure is one that is:

Question57: Teaching a receptive-identification task falls in the category of _____ instruction.

Question58: Requiring a student who disrupts the class by throwing papers and tipping over chairs to clean the mess up and then clean the rest of the room by sweeping and cleaning desktops is a(n) __________________ procedure.

Question59: Considering the potential impact of behavioral contrast, what is a likely outcome when there is an effective program targeting compliance at school when no formal program is implemented at home? Compliance at home would be predicted to:

Question60: To change the occurrence of hitting others, two procedures were compared. differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior and time-out. The outcomes were examined within and across subjects. A withdrawal design was employed. An independent variable in this study was:

Question61: In reference to maintenance, functional arrangements between behavior and antecedent and consequence events that occur in the environment in which the behavior of interest is to be maintained are called:

Question62: Ingrid is attempting to learn to speak English. Her teacher, Rosa, presents pictures of preferred items, states the label in English, and prompts Ingrid to repeat them. Over time, Rosa stops labeling items and begins to present Ingrid with a variety of pictures of the same items. Rosa is trying to promotE.

Question63: Holly is learning to use a spoon to feed herself. Applesauce is known to function as a reinforcer. Her teacher has selected the following objective for Holly: "Given a spoon and a 3-ounce dish of applesauce, Holly will independently scoop the applesauce to her mouth." This objective is incomplete. Which component is missing?

Question64: Although tests have confirmed that Matthew is not deaf, his mother is worried because Matthew is very
slow to respond when she calls to him. Frequently, she has to resort to touching him before he looks at
her. Which of the following would be the MOST appropriate for measuring Matthew looking when called?

Question65: To change the occurrence of hitting others, two procedures were compareD. differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior and time-out. The outcomes were examined within and across subjects. A withdrawal design was employed. An independent variable in this study was:

Question66: Ingrid is attempting to learn to speak English. Her teacher, Rosa, presents pictures of preferred items, states the label in English, and prompts Ingrid to repeat them. Over time, Rosa stops labeling items and begins to present Ingrid with a variety of pictures of the same items. Rosa is trying to promote.

Question67: Which is the BEST example of stimulus generalization?

Question68: The behavior analyst has had good results with an intervention she designed that makes access to video games contingent upon playing with other children. She now wants to compare the effects of differing amounts of video game access time. She should conduct a

Question69: One limitation of descriptive analysis is that it:

Question70: The PRIMARY advantage of using a multiple baseline design across subjects is that:

Question71: A child who learns to say "red" when presented with a red card, also says "red" when presented with an orange card. This is called:

Question72: An experimenter examines the effects of three types of prompts on compliance in a developmentally
disabled person. In this experiment, what is the independent variable?

Question73: A teacher says: "Everyone, you have math homework tonight. Tomorrow, I will draw a name from a hat. If that person has completed his or her homework and remembered to bring it back to school, everyone will get extra recess." What type of group contingency is this?

Question74: You are working with a client who finds physical touch to be aversive. When the person is off task, the program calls for you to give a warning by counting to 10; at that point, you gently touch him if he is not back on task. The touch remains until he returns to task. Please note that being touched is aversive for this particular individual. If the person gets back on task during counting, this is an example of:

Question75: Jimmy is watching his favorite Saturday morning cartoon and playing with his train set. The cat walks past
him and he pulls its tail. Jimmy's mother takes away one of his train cars. This is an example of.

Question76: Unwanted side-effects associated with the use of an extinction procedure are MOST likely to appear:

Question77: Which of the following scenarios involves a behavioral contingency?

Question78: If a client exhibits problem behaviors throughout the day and evenings regardless of what is going on in the environment and what activities he/she is participating in, which would be the BEST way to reduce the high frequency and increase latency?

Question79: A functional relationship exists only if.

Question80: Which of the following measures would be the MOST appropriate for reporting head banging during each
5-minute interval of work?

Question81: Speed, magnitude, durability and generality of effect are some of the MOST important

Question82: Which of the following could NOT function as an unconditioned punisher?

Question83: Which measure would probably be the best measure for crying?

Question84: Results of a functional assessment reveal that a child engages in hand-biting when she is in a room by herself. The likely function of behavior is:

Question85: Staff alerts you that one of their clients seems to become aggressive when he has not consumed food for several hours. This phenomenon demonstrates the effect of a(n):

Question86: Jamie and Morgan have similar behavior challenges and similar daily schedules. A behavior analyst has spent extensive time and effort on developing and implementing Morgan's plan, which is proving to be very successful. How should the behavior analyst proceed with developing a treatment plan for Jamie?

Question87: A child with food refusal behaviors accepts one bite out of the ten bites that her caregiver offered. What
measure should be used to record this behavior?

Question88: When an observer notes everything the client does or says as well as events before and after the episode of behavior, he or she is using:

Question89: One limitation of descriptive analysis is that it:

Question90: Clifford's lawn work is steady and up to standard as long as his work is verbally praised approximately every twelfth completed mower circuit. However, at times the crew chief is unable to praise his work at that moment.
When praise is not forthcoming, Clifford usually stops working. The best way to facilitate maintenance and generalization of Clifford's work, using a self-management technique, would be to:

Question91: Jody had an access-maintained tantrum for 14 minutes and it started 3 seconds after she was told, "No." It had been 2 days since the previous tantrum. The latency is:

Question92: Marvell is working on a new case with a student who refuses to attend school. Before deciding on a
treatment plan, Marvell schedules interviews and observation sessions. This is an example of which
assumption of behavior analysis?

Question93: A parent reports that her 2-year-old daughter uses a number of stalling techniques to avoid bedtime once she is told to go to bed. What would be a good progress measure for going to bed when told?

Question94: When Susan attempts to escape from a task, she exhibits several behaviors, including hitting her head, stomping her feet, and crying. This is an example of A.

Question95: Tommy is looking at a photo album with his dad. He looks at his dad and then points to a picture of his mom and says, "Mommy." This is an example of.

Question96: A married couple wants a behavior analyst to assist them in creating a happier home life for their family. The behavior analyst shoulD.

Question97: Ingrid is attempting to learn to speak English. Her teacher, Rosa, presents pictures of preferred items, states the label in English, and prompts Ingrid to repeat them. Over time, Rosa stops labeling items and begins to present Ingrid with a variety of pictures of the same items. Rosa is trying to promotE.

Question98: What could be done to clarify the differentiation in the frequency of aggression among the environments shown in this graph?

Question99: Keller's Personalized System of Instruction features which of the following characteristics?

Question100: Intraverbal behavior is controlled by A.

Question101: What is the MOST important measure of behavior when the goal is to decrease the number of cigarettes smoked per day?

Question102: Keller's Personalized System of Instruction features which of the following characteristics?

Question103: Staff alerts you that one of their clients seems to become aggressive when he has not consumed food for several hours. This phenomenon demonstrates the effect of a(n):

Question104: When asked why a certain behavior happened, the behavior analyst states that the behavior "came out of nowhere." If the behavior analyst meant what he said, he is violating the assumption of __________________.

Question105: Which method is the BEST to use when presenting categorical data from a functional analysis?

Question106: When an observer notes everything the client does or says as well as events before and after the episode of behavior, he or she is using:

Question107: A behavior analyst is conducting research on the accuracy of a student's responding to written math
problems based on the final answer with no scoring of intermediate calculations. Which is the BEST
method for obtaining accurate inter-observer agreement results?

Question108: An experimental design that starts with a baseline phase, followed by a treatment phase, then another baseline phase, and ends in the same type of treatment phase is called a (n):

Question109: A behavior analyst responsible for the evaluation of a behavior change program has been unable to get others to collect data on the targeted behaviors. The others involved, including other service providers, are relying on personal anecdotes and questionnaires to evaluate the effectiveness of the program. The primary consumer reports satisfaction with the results so far. To evaluate the program, the behavior analyst should:

Question110: What are the three elements of informed consent?

Question111: Manipulating a students chair in a classroom setting to avoid distraction fro the window is an example of a
manipulation of a

Question112: Which of the following measures would be the MOST appropriate for reporting head banging during each 5- minute interval of work?

Question113: Imitation training can be made MOST beneficial for clients when it includes a range oF.

Question114: The number of time intervals in a specific period of time during which a response occurs continuously for an entire interval is which measure?

Question115: A person is asked to make his bed. His caregiver checks 30 minutes later and the bed was made. No one
else was present during that time. The caregiver records that the client made his bed even though he did
not observe the behavior directly. The data collection method used is:

Question116: Which is the BEST example of stimulus generalization?

Question117: Ingrid is attempting to learn to speak English. Her teacher, Rosa, presents pictures of preferred items,
states the label in English, and prompts Ingrid to repeat them. Over time, Rosa stops labeling items and
begins to present Ingrid with a variety of pictures of the same items. Rosa is trying to promote.

Question118: Which of the following is NOT a dimension of applied behavior analysis?

Question119: Which of the following is NOT a dimension of applied behavior analysis?

Question120: Sammy is having a difficult time completing his independent math worksheet on two-digit division. He is frustrated and doesn't understand how to solve the equations.
Sammy raises his hand and asks for "help." The teacher assists Sammy. Sammy's asking for "help" is?

Question121: A major benefit of product recording is that:

Question122: When using direct instruction programs, teachers are often signaling students to respond in unison and
moving through the tasks at a brisk pace so that they can:

Question123: Instruction that focuses on speed and accuracy of responding can BEST be described as promotinG.

Question124: What if you teach the child to swim in a pool and the child goes to the beach and can do the front crawl in
the ocean?

Question125: For which of the following would it be appropriate to measure duration?

Question126: A __________________ is derived from a descriptive analysis.

Question127: If a behavior analyst states, "It took four attempts, but Johnny completed the puzzle," she is using which measure?

Question128: When setting criteria for behavior change, behavior analysts attempt to implement the simplest mode of intervention necessary to elicit the desired outcome. As such, the identified outcome criteria should be

Question129: Data were collected on the percentage of intervals at the end of which Thomas was present at his workstation. Which is the BEST method for displaying these data?

Question130: The "hero procedure" refers to a contingency in which an individual, or small group, earns a reward for a class.
This procedure is an example of what type of group contingency?

Question131: Behavior analytic interventions that are effective in changing an individual's behavior in a socially important way are said to have:

Question132: The decision to develop and implement a behavior intervention plan is not made unless:

Question133: When determining the specified time interval to prescribe at the start of a DRO intervention, which of the
following dimensions of the target behavior is MOST relevant?

Question134: The number of time intervals in a specific period of time during which a response occurs continuously for
an entire interval is which measure?

Question135: Staff alerts you that one of their clients seems to become aggressive when he has not consumed food for
several hours. This phenomenon demonstrates the effect of a(n):

Question136: A behavior analyst responsible for the evaluation of a behavior change program has been unable to get
others to collect data on the targeted behaviors. The others involved, including other service providers, are
relying on personal anecdotes and questionnaires to evaluate the effectiveness of the program. The
primary consumer reports satisfaction with the results so far. To evaluate the program, the behavior
analyst should:

Question137: Which is the best definition of a behavior function?

Question138: When conducting an analogue functional analysis, the condition commonly used as a control is the:

Question139: A behavioral assessment indicates that the problem behavior of a young woman is maintained by others bringing things to her or taking things away following occurrence of the behavior. Since the behavior results in physical injury, the decision to decrease its occurrence has been made. Which is the BEST general approach?

Question140: Joe describes himself as being addicted to video games. He is told that if he does not complete his chores, he will lose access to his computer. On Monday, he refuses to complete his chores and he loses access to his computer for 2 days. From Tuesday on, Joe's refusals cease. The change in Joe's behavior is
MOST likely to be the result of.

Question141: In a token economy, what type of reinforcers are the tokens themselves?

Question142: When Susan attempts to escape from a task, she exhibits several behaviors, including hitting her head, stomping her feet, and crying. This is an example of a.

Question143: Which characteristic of the response measure shown in this graph changed from baseline during the
intervention phase?