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Question1: A data engineer must use AWS services to ingest a dataset into an Amazon S3 data lake. The data engineer profiles the dataset and discovers that the dataset contains personally identifiable information (PII). The data engineer must implement a solution to profile the dataset and obfuscate the PII.Which solution will meet this requirement with the LEAST operational effort?
Question2: A data engineer must ingest a source of structured data that is in .csv format into an Amazon S3 data lake.The .csv files contain 15 columns. Data analysts need to run Amazon Athena queries on one or two columns of the dataset. The data analysts rarely query the entire file.Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?
Question3: A company analyzes data in a data lake every quarter to perform inventory assessments. A data engineer uses AWS Glue DataBrew to detect any personally identifiable information (PII) about customers within the data.The company's privacy policy considers some custom categories of information to be PII. However, the categories are not included in standard DataBrew data quality rules.The data engineer needs to modify the current process to scan for the custom PII categories across multiple datasets within the data lake.Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
Question4: A company stores daily records of the financial performance of investment portfolios in .csv format in an Amazon S3 bucket. A data engineer uses AWS Glue crawlers to crawl the S3 data.The data engineer must make the S3 data accessible daily in the AWS Glue Data Catalog.Which solution will meet these requirements?
Question5: During a security review, a company identified a vulnerability in an AWS Glue job. The company discovered that credentials to access an Amazon Redshift cluster were hard coded in the job script.A data engineer must remediate the security vulnerability in the AWS Glue job. The solution must securely store the credentials.Which combination of steps should the data engineer take to meet these requirements? (Choose two.)
Question6: A company needs a solution to manage costs for an existing Amazon DynamoDB table. The company also needs to control the size of the table. The solution must not disrupt any ongoing read or write operations. The company wants to use a solution that automatically deletes data from the table after 1 month.Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST ongoing maintenance?
Question7: A company extracts approximately 1 TB of data every day from data sources such as SAP HANA, Microsoft SQL Server, MongoDB, Apache Kafka, and Amazon DynamoDB. Some of the data sources have undefined data schemas or data schemas that change.A data engineer must implement a solution that can detect the schema for these data sources. The solution must extract, transform, and load the data to an Amazon S3 bucket. The company has a service level agreement (SLA) to load the data into the S3 bucket within 15 minutes of data creation.Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
Question8: A company is migrating on-premises workloads to AWS. The company wants to reduce overall operational overhead. The company also wants to explore serverless options.The company's current workloads use Apache Pig, Apache Oozie, Apache Spark, Apache Hbase, and Apache Flink. The on-premises workloads process petabytes of data in seconds. The company must maintain similar or better performance after the migration to AWS.Which extract, transform, and load (ETL) service will meet these requirements?
Question9: A company uses an on-premises Microsoft SQL Server database to store financial transaction data. The company migrates the transaction data from the on-premises database to AWS at the end of each month. The company has noticed that the cost to migrate data from the on-premises database to an Amazon RDS for SQL Server database has increased recently.The company requires a cost-effective solution to migrate the data to AWS. The solution must cause minimal downtown for the applications that access the database.Which AWS service should the company use to meet these requirements?
Question10: A financial services company stores financial data in Amazon Redshift. A data engineer wants to run real- time queries on the financial data to support a web-based trading application. The data engineer wants to run the queries from within the trading application.Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
Question11: A data engineer is configuring Amazon SageMaker Studio to use AWS Glue interactive sessions to prepare data for machine learning (ML) models.The data engineer receives an access denied error when the data engineer tries to prepare the data by using SageMaker Studio.Which change should the engineer make to gain access to SageMaker Studio?
Question12: A company stores data from an application in an Amazon DynamoDB table that operates in provisioned capacity mode. The workloads of the application have predictable throughput load on a regular schedule.Every Monday, there is an immediate increase in activity early in the morning. The application has very low usage during weekends.The company must ensure that the application performs consistently during peak usage times.Which solution will meet these requirements in the MOST cost-effective way?
Question13: A company has a data lake in Amazon S3. The company collects AWS CloudTrail logs for multiple applications. The company stores the logs in the data lake, catalogs the logs in AWS Glue, and partitions the logs based on the year. The company uses Amazon Athena to analyze the logs.Recently, customers reported that a query on one of the Athena tables did not return any data. A data engineer must resolve the issue.Which combination of troubleshooting steps should the data engineer take? (Select TWO.)
Question14: A data engineering team is using an Amazon Redshift data warehouse for operational reporting. The team wants to prevent performance issues that might result from long- running queries. A data engineer must choose a system table in Amazon Redshift to record anomalies when a query optimizer identifies conditions that might indicate performance issues.Which table views should the data engineer use to meet this requirement?
Question15: A retail company uses an Amazon Redshift data warehouse and an Amazon S3 bucket. The company ingests retail order data into the S3 bucket every day.The company stores all order data at a single path within the S3 bucket. The data has more than 100 columns.The company ingests the order data from a third-party application that generates more than 30 files in CSV format every day. Each CSV file is between 50 and 70 MB in size.The company uses Amazon Redshift Spectrum to run queries that select sets of columns. Users aggregate metrics based on daily orders. Recently, users have reported that the performance of the queries has degraded.A data engineer must resolve the performance issues for the queries.Which combination of steps will meet this requirement with LEAST developmental effort? (Select TWO.)
Question16: A company is migrating on-premises workloads to AWS. The company wants to reduce overall operational overhead. The company also wants to explore serverless options.The company's current workloads use Apache Pig, Apache Oozie, Apache Spark, Apache Hbase, and Apache Flink. The on-premises workloads process petabytes of data in seconds. The company must maintain similar or better performance after the migration to AWS.Which extract, transform, and load (ETL) service will meet these requirements?
Question17: A data engineer needs to create an Amazon Athena table based on a subset of data from an existing Athena table named cities_world. The cities_world table contains cities that are located around the world. The data engineer must create a new table named cities_us to contain only the cities from cities_world that are located in the US.Which SQL statement should the data engineer use to meet this requirement?
Question18: A company created an extract, transform, and load (ETL) data pipeline in AWS Glue. A data engineer must crawl a table that is in Microsoft SQL Server. The data engineer needs to extract, transform, and load the output of the crawl to an Amazon S3 bucket. The data engineer also must orchestrate the data pipeline.Which AWS service or feature will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?
Question19: A data engineer needs to debug an AWS Glue job that reads from Amazon S3 and writes to Amazon Redshift.The data engineer enabled the bookmark feature for the AWS Glue job. The data engineer has set the maximum concurrency for the AWS Glue job to 1.The AWS Glue job is successfully writing the output to Amazon Redshift. However, the Amazon S3 files that were loaded during previous runs of the AWS Glue job are being reprocessed by subsequent runs.What is the likely reason the AWS Glue job is reprocessing the files?
Question20: A manufacturing company collects sensor data from its factory floor to monitor and enhance operational efficiency. The company uses Amazon Kinesis Data Streams to publish the data that the sensors collect to a data stream. Then Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose writes the data to an Amazon S3 bucket.The company needs to display a real-time view of operational efficiency on a large screen in the manufacturing facility.Which solution will meet these requirements with the LOWEST latency?
Question21: A company stores datasets in JSON format and .csv format in an Amazon S3 bucket. The company has Amazon RDS for Microsoft SQL Server databases, Amazon DynamoDB tables that are in provisioned capacity mode, and an Amazon Redshift cluster. A data engineering team must develop a solution that will give data scientists the ability to query all data sources by using syntax similar to SQL.Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
Question22: A company needs to build a data lake in AWS. The company must provide row-level data access and column- level data access to specific teams. The teams will access the data by using Amazon Athena, Amazon Redshift Spectrum, and Apache Hive from Amazon EMR.Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
Question23: A company hosts its applications on Amazon EC2 instances. The company must use SSL/TLS connections that encrypt data in transit to communicate securely with AWS infrastructure that is managed by a customer.A data engineer needs to implement a solution to simplify the generation, distribution, and rotation of digital certificates. The solution must automatically renew and deploy SSL/TLS certificates.Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
Question24: A data engineer configured an AWS Glue Data Catalog for data that is stored in Amazon S3 buckets. The data engineer needs to configure the Data Catalog to receive incremental updates.The data engineer sets up event notifications for the S3 bucket and creates an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue to receive the S3 events.Which combination of steps should the data engineer take to meet these requirements with LEAST operational overhead? (Select TWO.)
Question25: A company uses an Amazon Redshift provisioned cluster as its database. The Redshift cluster has five reserved ra3.4xlarge nodes and uses key distribution.A data engineer notices that one of the nodes frequently has a CPU load over 90%. SQL Queries that run on the node are queued. The other four nodes usually have a CPU load under 15% during daily operations.The data engineer wants to maintain the current number of compute nodes. The data engineer also wants to balance the load more evenly across all five compute nodes.Which solution will meet these requirements?
Question26: A company has a production AWS account that runs company workloads. The company's security team created a security AWS account to store and analyze security logs from the production AWS account. The security logs in the production AWS account are stored in Amazon CloudWatch Logs.The company needs to use Amazon Kinesis Data Streams to deliver the security logs to the security AWS account.Which solution will meet these requirements?
Question27: A company uses Amazon Athena for one-time queries against data that is in Amazon S3. The company has several use cases. The company must implement permission controls to separate query processes and access to query history among users, teams, and applications that are in the same AWS account.Which solution will meet these requirements?
Question28: A company uses an Amazon QuickSight dashboard to monitor usage of one of the company's applications.The company uses AWS Glue jobs to process data for the dashboard. The company stores the data in a single Amazon S3 bucket. The company adds new data every day.A data engineer discovers that dashboard queries are becoming slower over time. The data engineer determines that the root cause of the slowing queries is long-running AWS Glue jobs.Which actions should the data engineer take to improve the performance of the AWS Glue jobs? (Choose two.)
Question29: A data engineer is configuring an AWS Glue job to read data from an Amazon S3 bucket. The data engineer has set up the necessary AWS Glue connection details and an associated IAM role. However, when the data engineer attempts to run the AWS Glue job, the data engineer receives an error message that indicates that there are problems with the Amazon S3 VPC gateway endpoint.The data engineer must resolve the error and connect the AWS Glue job to the S3 bucket.Which solution will meet this requirement?
Question30: A company stores customer records in Amazon S3. The company must not delete or modify the customer record data for 7 years after each record is created. The root user also must not have the ability to delete or modify the data.A data engineer wants to use S3 Object Lock to secure the data.Which solution will meet these requirements?
Question31: A data engineer needs to use an Amazon QuickSight dashboard that is based on Amazon Athena queries on data that is stored in an Amazon S3 bucket. When the data engineer connects to the QuickSight dashboard, the data engineer receives an error message that indicates insufficient permissions.Which factors could cause to the permissions-related errors? (Choose two.)
Question32: An ecommerce company wants to use AWS to migrate data pipelines from an on-premises environment into the AWS Cloud. The company currently uses a third-party too in the on-premises environment to orchestrate data ingestion processes.The company wants a migration solution that does not require the company to manage servers. The solution must be able to orchestrate Python and Bash scripts. The solution must not require the company to refactor any code.Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
Question33: An airline company is collecting metrics about flight activities for analytics. The company is conducting a proof of concept (POC) test to show how analytics can provide insights that the company can use to increase on-time departures.The POC test uses objects in Amazon S3 that contain the metrics in .csv format. The POC test uses Amazon Athena to query the data. The data is partitioned in the S3 bucket by date.As the amount of data increases, the company wants to optimize the storage solution to improve query performance.Which combination of solutions will meet these requirements? (Choose two.)
Question34: A company uses AWS Step Functions to orchestrate a data pipeline. The pipeline consists of Amazon EMR jobs that ingest data from data sources and store the data in an Amazon S3 bucket. The pipeline also includes EMR jobs that load the data to Amazon Redshift.The company's cloud infrastructure team manually built a Step Functions state machine. The cloud infrastructure team launched an EMR cluster into a VPC to support the EMR jobs. However, the deployed Step Functions state machine is not able to run the EMR jobs.Which combination of steps should the company take to identify the reason the Step Functions state machine is not able to run the EMR jobs? (Choose two.)
Question35: A retail company uses Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL to process and store live transactional data. The company uses an Amazon Redshift cluster for a data warehouse.An extract, transform, and load (ETL) job runs every morning to update the Redshift cluster with new data from the PostgreSQL database. The company has grown rapidly and needs to cost optimize the Redshift cluster.A data engineer needs to create a solution to archive historical data. The data engineer must be able to run analytics queries that effectively combine data from live transactional data in PostgreSQL, current data in Redshift, and archived historical data. The solution must keep only the most recent 15 months of data in Amazon Redshift to reduce costs.Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)
Question36: A healthcare company uses Amazon Kinesis Data Streams to stream real-time health data from wearable devices, hospital equipment, and patient records.A data engineer needs to find a solution to process the streaming data. The data engineer needs to store the data in an Amazon Redshift Serverless warehouse. The solution must support near real-time analytics of the streaming data and the previous day's data.Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
Question37: A company loads transaction data for each day into Amazon Redshift tables at the end of each day. The company wants to have the ability to track which tables have been loaded and which tables still need to be loaded.A data engineer wants to store the load statuses of Redshift tables in an Amazon DynamoDB table. The data engineer creates an AWS Lambda function to publish the details of the load statuses to DynamoDB.How should the data engineer invoke the Lambda function to write load statuses to the DynamoDB table?
Question38: A company stores logs in an Amazon S3 bucket. When a data engineer attempts to access several log files, the data engineer discovers that some files have been unintentionally deleted.The data engineer needs a solution that will prevent unintentional file deletion in the future.Which solution will meet this requirement with the LEAST operational overhead?
Question39: A company is developing an application that runs on Amazon EC2 instances. Currently, the data that the application generates is temporary. However, the company needs to persist the data, even if the EC2 instances are terminated.A data engineer must launch new EC2 instances from an Amazon Machine Image (AMI) and configure the instances to preserve the data.Which solution will meet this requirement?
Question40: A car sales company maintains data about cars that are listed for sale in an area. The company receives data about new car listings from vendors who upload the data daily as compressed files into Amazon S3. The compressed files are up to 5 KB in size. The company wants to see the most up-to-date listings as soon as the data is uploaded to Amazon S3.A data engineer must automate and orchestrate the data processing workflow of the listings to feed a dashboard. The data engineer must also provide the ability to perform one-time queries and analytical reporting. The query solution must be scalable.Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?
Question41: A company has five offices in different AWS Regions. Each office has its own human resources (HR) department that uses a unique IAM role. The company stores employee records in a data lake that is based on Amazon S3 storage.A data engineering team needs to limit access to the records. Each HR department should be able to access records for only employees who are within the HR department's Region.Which combination of steps should the data engineering team take to meet this requirement with the LEAST operational overhead? (Choose two.)
Question42: A financial company recently added more features to its mobile app. The new features required the company to create a new topic in an existing Amazon Managed Streaming for Apache Kafka (Amazon MSK) cluster.A few days after the company added the new topic, Amazon CloudWatch raised an alarm on the RootDiskUsed metric for the MSK cluster.How should the company address the CloudWatch alarm?
Question43: A data engineer needs to use AWS Step Functions to design an orchestration workflow. The workflow must parallel process a large collection of data files and apply a specific transformation to each file.Which Step Functions state should the data engineer use to meet these requirements?
Question44: A company receives .csv files that contain physical address data. The data is in columns that have the following names: Door_No, Street_Name, City, and Zip_Code. The company wants to create a single column to store these values in the following format:Which solution will meet this requirement with the LEAST coding effort?
Question45: A company stores data in a data lake that is in Amazon S3. Some data that the company stores in the data lake contains personally identifiable information (PII). Multiple user groups need to access the raw data. The company must ensure that user groups can access only the PII that they require.Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST effort?
Question46: A data engineer maintains custom Python scripts that perform a data formatting process that many AWS Lambda functions use. When the data engineer needs to modify the Python scripts, the data engineer must manually update all the Lambda functions.The data engineer requires a less manual way to update the Lambda functions.Which solution will meet this requirement?
Question47: A marketing company uses Amazon S3 to store marketing data. The company uses versioning in some buckets. The company runs several jobs to read and load data into the buckets.To help cost-optimize its storage, the company wants to gather information about incomplete multipart uploads and outdated versions that are present in the S3 buckets.Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational effort?
Question48: A data engineer needs to use Amazon Neptune to develop graph applications.Which programming languages should the engineer use to develop the graph applications? (Select TWO.)
Question49: A company is using an AWS Transfer Family server to migrate data from an on-premises environment to AWS. Company policy mandates the use of TLS 1.2 or above to encrypt the data in transit.Which solution will meet these requirements?
Question50: A company uses Amazon Athena to run SQL queries for extract, transform, and load (ETL) tasks by using Create Table As Select (CTAS). The company must use Apache Spark instead of SQL to generate analytics.Which solution will give the company the ability to use Spark to access Athena?
Question51: A company stores its processed data in an S3 bucket. The company has a strict data access policy. The company uses IAM roles to grant teams within the company different levels of access to the S3 bucket.The company wants to receive notifications when a user violates the data access policy. Each notification must include the username of the user who violated the policy.Which solution will meet these requirements?
Question52: A company stores details about transactions in an Amazon S3 bucket. The company wants to log all writes to the S3 bucket into another S3 bucket that is in the same AWS Region.Which solution will meet this requirement with the LEAST operational effort?
Question53: A data engineer uses Amazon Redshift to run resource-intensive analytics processes once every month. Every month, the data engineer creates a new Redshift provisioned cluster. The data engineer deletes the Redshift provisioned cluster after the analytics processes are complete every month. Before the data engineer deletes the cluster each month, the data engineer unloads backup data from the cluster to an Amazon S3 bucket.The data engineer needs a solution to run the monthly analytics processes that does not require the data engineer to manage the infrastructure manually.Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
Question54: A company implements a data mesh that has a central governance account. The company needs to catalog all data in the governance account. The governance account uses AWS Lake Formation to centrally share data and grant access permissions.The company has created a new data product that includes a group of Amazon Redshift Serverless tables. A data engineer needs to share the data product with a marketing team. The marketing team must have access to only a subset of columns. The data engineer needs to share the same data product with a compliance team.The compliance team must have access to a different subset of columns than the marketing team needs access to.Which combination of steps should the data engineer take to meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)
Question55: A data engineer is launching an Amazon EMR duster. The data that the data engineer needs to load into the new cluster is currently in an Amazon S3 bucket. The data engineer needs to ensure that data is encrypted both at rest and in transit.The data that is in the S3 bucket is encrypted by an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) key. The data engineer has an Amazon S3 path that has a Privacy Enhanced Mail (PEM) file.Which solution will meet these requirements?
Question56: A data engineer is using Amazon Athena to analyze sales data that is in Amazon S3. The data engineer writes a query to retrieve sales amounts for 2023 for several products from a table named sales_data. However, the query does not return results for all of the products that are in the sales_data table. The data engineer needs to troubleshoot the query to resolve the issue.The data engineer's original query is as follows:SELECT product_name, sum(sales_amount)FROM sales_dataWHERE year = 2023GROUP BY product_nameHow should the data engineer modify the Athena query to meet these requirements?
Question57: A data engineer must manage the ingestion of real-time streaming data into AWS. The data engineer wants to perform real-time analytics on the incoming streaming data by using time-based aggregations over a window of up to 30 minutes. The data engineer needs a solution that is highly fault tolerant.Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
Question58: A data engineer has a one-time task to read data from objects that are in Apache Parquet format in an Amazon S3 bucket. The data engineer needs to query only one column of the data.Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
Question59: A retail company is using an Amazon Redshift cluster to support real-time inventory management. The company has deployed an ML model on a real-time endpoint in Amazon SageMaker.The company wants to make real-time inventory recommendations. The company also wants to make predictions about future inventory needs.Which solutions will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)
Question60: A company is building a data stream processing application. The application runs in an Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) cluster. The application stores processed data in an Amazon DynamoDB table.The company needs the application containers in the EKS cluster to have secure access to the DynamoDB table. The company does not want to embed AWS credentials in the containers.Which solution will meet these requirements?
Question61: A company has multiple applications that use datasets that are stored in an Amazon S3 bucket. The company has an ecommerce application that generates a dataset that contains personally identifiable information (PII).The company has an internal analytics application that does not require access to the PII.To comply with regulations, the company must not share PII unnecessarily. A data engineer needs to implement a solution that with redact PII dynamically, based on the needs of each application that accesses the dataset.Which solution will meet the requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
