EMT Practice Test

1. Question Content...

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Question1: A company wants to forecast the daily price of newly launched products based on 3 years of data for older product prices, sales, and rebates. The time-series data has irregular timestamps and is missing some values.
Data scientist must build a dataset to replace the missing values. The data scientist needs a solution that resamptes the data daily and exports the data for further modeling.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST implementation effort?

Question2: A company is setting up a mechanism for data scientists and engineers from different departments to access an Amazon SageMaker Studio domain. Each department has a unique SageMaker Studio domain.
The company wants to build a central proxy application that data scientists and engineers can log in to by using their corporate credentials. The proxy application will authenticate users by using the company's existing Identity provider (IdP). The application will then route users to the appropriate SageMaker Studio domain.
The company plans to maintain a table in Amazon DynamoDB that contains SageMaker domains for each department.
How should the company meet these requirements?

Question3: A data scientist has been running an Amazon SageMaker notebook instance for a few weeks. During this time, a new version of Jupyter Notebook was released along with additional software updates. The security team mandates that all running SageMaker notebook instances use the latest security and software updates provided by SageMaker.
How can the data scientist meet these requirements?

Question4: A Machine Learning Specialist is building a prediction model for a large number of features using linear models, such as linear regression and logistic regression During exploratory data analysis the Specialist observes that many features are highly correlated with each other This may make the model unstable What should be done to reduce the impact of having such a large number of features?

Question5: A Machine Learning Specialist receives customer data for an online shopping website. The data includes demographics, past visits, and locality information. The Specialist must develop a machine learning approach to identify the customer shopping patterns, preferences and trends to enhance the website for better service and smart recommendations.
Which solution should the Specialist recommend?

Question6: A Data Science team within a large company uses Amazon SageMaker notebooks to access data stored in Amazon S3 buckets. The IT Security team is concerned that internet-enabled notebook instances create a security vulnerability where malicious code running on the instances could compromise data privacy. The company mandates that all instances stay within a secured VPC with no internet access, and data communication traffic must stay within the AWS network.
How should the Data Science team configure the notebook instance placement to meet these requirements?

Question7: A retail company wants to combine its customer orders with the product description data from its product catalog. The structure and format of the records in each dataset is different. A data analyst tried to use a spreadsheet to combine the datasets, but the effort resulted in duplicate records and records that were not properly combined. The company needs a solution that it can use to combine similar records from the two datasets and remove any duplicates.
Which solution will meet these requirements?

Question8: A gaming company has launched an online game where people can start playing for free but they need to pay if they choose to use certain features The company needs to build an automated system to predict whether or not a new user will become a paid user within 1 year The company has gathered a labeled dataset from 1 million users The training dataset consists of 1.000 positive samples (from users who ended up paying within 1 year) and
999.000 negative samples (from users who did not use any paid features) Each data sample consists of 200 features including user age, device, location, and play patterns Using this dataset for training, the Data Science team trained a random forest model that converged with over
99% accuracy on the training set However, the prediction results on a test dataset were not satisfactory.
Which of the following approaches should the Data Science team take to mitigate this issue? (Select TWO.)

Question9: An ecommerce company sends a weekly email newsletter to all of its customers. Management has hired a team of writers to create additional targeted content. A data scientist needs to identify five customer segments based on age, income, and location. The customers' current segmentation is unknown. The data scientist previously built an XGBoost model to predict the likelihood of a customer responding to an email based on age, income, and location.
Why does the XGBoost model NOT meet the current requirements, and how can this be fixed?

Question10: A company plans to build a custom natural language processing (NLP) model to classify and prioritize user feedback. The company hosts the data and all machine learning (ML) infrastructure in the AWS Cloud. The ML team works from the company's office, which has an IPsec VPN connection to one VPC in the AWS Cloud.
The company has set both the enableDnsHostnames attribute and the enableDnsSupport attribute of the VPC to true. The company's DNS resolvers point to the VPC DNS. The company does not allow the ML team to access Amazon SageMaker notebooks through connections that use the public internet. The connection must stay within a private network and within the AWS internal network.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST development effort?

Question11: An e commerce company wants to launch a new cloud-based product recommendation feature for its web application. Due to data localization regulations, any sensitive data must not leave its on-premises data center, and the product recommendation model must be trained and tested using nonsensitive data only. Data transfer to the cloud must use IPsec. The web application is hosted on premises with a PostgreSQL database that contains all the data. The company wants the data to be uploaded securely to Amazon S3 each day for model retraining.
How should a machine learning specialist meet these requirements?

Question12: A library is developing an automatic book-borrowing system that uses Amazon Rekognition. Images of library members' faces are stored in an Amazon S3 bucket. When members borrow books, the Amazon Rekognition CompareFaces API operation compares real faces against the stored faces in Amazon S3.
The library needs to improve security by making sure that images are encrypted at rest. Also, when the images are used with Amazon Rekognition. they need to be encrypted in transit. The library also must ensure that the images are not used to improve Amazon Rekognition as a service.
How should a machine learning specialist architect the solution to satisfy these requirements?

Question13: A Machine Learning Specialist is preparing data for training on Amazon SageMaker The Specialist is transformed into a numpy .array, which appears to be negatively affecting the speed of the training What should the Specialist do to optimize the data for training on SageMaker'?

Question14: A company uses sensors on devices such as motor engines and factory machines to measure parameters, temperature and pressure. The company wants to use the sensor data to predict equipment malfunctions and reduce services outages.
The Machine learning (ML) specialist needs to gather the sensors data to train a model to predict device malfunctions The ML spoctafst must ensure that the data does not contain outliers before training the ..el.
What can the ML specialist meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Question15: A Machine Learning Specialist deployed a model that provides product recommendations on a company's website Initially, the model was performing very well and resulted in customers buying more products on average However within the past few months the Specialist has noticed that the effect of product recommendations has diminished and customers are starting to return to their original habits of spending less The Specialist is unsure of what happened, as the model has not changed from its initial deployment over a year ago Which method should the Specialist try to improve model performance?

Question16: A data scientist is designing a repository that will contain many images of vehicles. The repository must scale automatically in size to store new images every day. The repository must support versioning of the images.
The data scientist must implement a solution that maintains multiple immediately accessible copies of the data in different AWS Regions.
Which solution will meet these requirements?

Question17: A technology startup is using complex deep neural networks and GPU compute to recommend the company's products to its existing customers based upon each customer's habits and interactions. The solution currently pulls each dataset from an Amazon S3 bucket before loading the data into a TensorFlow model pulled from the company's Git repository that runs locally. This job then runs for several hours while continually outputting its progress to the same S3 bucket. The job can be paused, restarted, and continued at any time in the event of a failure, and is run from a central queue.
Senior managers are concerned about the complexity of the solution's resource management and the costs involved in repeating the process regularly. They ask for the workload to be automated so it runs once a week, starting Monday and completing by the close of business Friday.
Which architecture should be used to scale the solution at the lowest cost?

Question18: A company has set up and deployed its machine learning (ML) model into production with an endpoint using Amazon SageMaker hosting services. The ML team has configured automatic scaling for its SageMaker instances to support workload changes. During testing, the team notices that additional instances are being launched before the new instances are ready. This behavior needs to change as soon as possible.
How can the ML team solve this issue?

Question19: A data scientist is using the Amazon SageMaker Neural Topic Model (NTM) algorithm to build a model that recommends tags from blog posts. The raw blog post data is stored in an Amazon S3 bucket in JSON format.
During model evaluation, the data scientist discovered that the model recommends certain stopwords such as
"a," "an," and "the" as tags to certain blog posts, along with a few rare words that are present only in certain blog entries. After a few iterations of tag review with the content team, the data scientist notices that the rare words are unusual but feasible. The data scientist also must ensure that the tag recommendations of the generated model do not include the stopwords.
What should the data scientist do to meet these requirements?

Question20: A retail company is ingesting purchasing records from its network of 20,000 stores to Amazon S3 by using Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose. The company uses a small, server-based application in each store to send the data to AWS over the internet. The company uses this data to train a machine learning model that is retrained each day. The company's data science team has identified existing attributes on these records that could be combined to create an improved model.
Which change will create the required transformed records with the LEAST operational overhead?

Question21: A company wants to classify user behavior as either fraudulent or normal. Based on internal research, a Machine Learning Specialist would like to build a binary classifier based on two features: age of account and transaction month. The class distribution for these features is illustrated in the figure provided.

Based on this information, which model would have the HIGHEST recall with respect to the fraudulent class?

Question22: A Machine Learning Specialist is implementing a full Bayesian network on a dataset that describes public transit in New York City. One of the random variables is discrete, and represents the number of minutes New Yorkers wait for a bus given that the buses cycle every 10 minutes, with a mean of 3 minutes.
Which prior probability distribution should the ML Specialist use for this variable?

Question23: A Machine Learning Specialist is packaging a custom ResNet model into a Docker container so the company can leverage Amazon SageMaker for training The Specialist is using Amazon EC2 P3 instances to train the model and needs to properly configure the Docker container to leverage the NVIDIA GPUs What does the Specialist need to do1?

Question24: A Data Scientist is building a model to predict customer churn using a dataset of 100 continuous numerical features. The Marketing team has not provided any insight about which features are relevant for churn prediction. The Marketing team wants to interpret the model and see the direct impact of relevant features on the model outcome. While training a logistic regression model, the Data Scientist observes that there is a wide gap between the training and validation set accuracy.
Which methods can the Data Scientist use to improve the model performance and satisfy the Marketing team's needs? (Choose two.)

Question25: A company wants to create an artificial intelligence (Al) yoga instructor that can lead large classes of students. The company needs to create a feature that can accurately count the number of students who are in a class. The company also needs a feature that can differentiate students who are performing a yoga stretch correctly from students who are performing a stretch incorrectly.
...etermine whether students are performing a stretch correctly, the solution needs to measure the location and angle of each student's arms and legs A data scientist must use Amazon SageMaker to ...ss video footage of a yoga class by extracting image frames and applying computer vision models.
Which combination of models will meet these requirements with the LEAST effort? (Select TWO.)

Question26: A Machine Learning Specialist is packaging a custom ResNet model into a Docker container so the company can leverage Amazon SageMaker for training. The Specialist is using Amazon EC2 P3 instances to train the model and needs to properly configure the Docker container to leverage the NVIDIA GPUs.
What does the Specialist need to do?

Question27: An ecommerce company has used Amazon SageMaker to deploy a factorization machines (FM) model to suggest products for customers. The company's data science team has developed two new models by using the TensorFlow and PyTorch deep learning frameworks. The company needs to use A/B testing to evaluate the new models against the deployed model.
...required A/B testing setup is as follows:
* Send 70% of traffic to the FM model, 15% of traffic to the TensorFlow model, and 15% of traffic to the Py Torch model.
* For customers who are from Europe, send all traffic to the TensorFlow model
..sh architecture can the company use to implement the required A/B testing setup?

Question28: A company wants to enhance audits for its machine learning (ML) systems. The auditing system must be able to perform metadata analysis on the features that the ML models use. The audit solution must generate a report that analyzes the metadata. The solution also must be able to set the data sensitivity and authorship of features.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST development effort?

Question29: A Machine Learning Specialist is working with a large company to leverage machine learning within its products. The company wants to group its customers into categories based on which customers will and will not churn within the next 6 months. The company has labeled the data available to the Specialist.
Which machine learning model type should the Specialist use to accomplish this task?

Question30: A retail company intends to use machine learning to categorize new products A labeled dataset of current products was provided to the Data Science team The dataset includes 1 200 products The labeled dataset has
15 features for each product such as title dimensions, weight, and price Each product is labeled as belonging to one of six categories such as books, games, electronics, and movies.
Which model should be used for categorizing new products using the provided dataset for training?

Question31: A company that promotes healthy sleep patterns by providing cloud-connected devices currently hosts a sleep tracking application on AWS. The application collects device usage information from device users. The company's Data Science team is building a machine learning model to predict if and when a user will stop utilizing the company's devices. Predictions from this model are used by a downstream application that determines the best approach for contacting users.
The Data Science team is building multiple versions of the machine learning model to evaluate each version against the company's business goals. To measure long-term effectiveness, the team wants to run multiple versions of the model in parallel for long periods of time, with the ability to control the portion of inferences served by the models.
Which solution satisfies these requirements with MINIMAL effort?

Question32: A company deployed a machine learning (ML) model on the company website to predict real estate prices.
Several months after deployment, an ML engineer notices that the accuracy of the model has gradually decreased.
The ML engineer needs to improve the accuracy of the model. The engineer also needs to receive notifications for any future performance issues.
Which solution will meet these requirements?

Question33: A Data Science team is designing a dataset repository where it will store a large amount of training data commonly used in its machine learning models. As Data Scientists may create an arbitrary number of new datasets every day the solution has to scale automatically and be cost-effective. Also, it must be possible to explore the data using SQL.
Which storage scheme is MOST adapted to this scenario?

Question34: The Chief Editor for a product catalog wants the Research and Development team to build a machine learning system that can be used to detect whether or not individuals in a collection of images are wearing the company's retail brand The team has a set of training data Which machine learning algorithm should the researchers use that BEST meets their requirements?

Question35: An ecommerce company wants to use machine learning (ML) to monitor fraudulent transactions on its website. The company is using Amazon SageMaker to research, train, deploy, and monitor the ML models.
The historical transactions data is in a .csv file that is stored in Amazon S3 The data contains features such as the user's IP address, navigation time, average time on each page, and the number of clicks for ....session.
There is no label in the data to indicate if a transaction is anomalous.
Which models should the company use in combination to detect anomalous transactions? (Select TWO.)

Question36: A media company wants to create a solution that identifies celebrities in pictures that users upload. The company also wants to identify the IP address and the timestamp details from the users so the company can prevent users from uploading pictures from unauthorized locations.
Which solution will meet these requirements with LEAST development effort?

Question37: A machine learning (ML) specialist is using Amazon SageMaker hyperparameter optimization (HPO) to improve a model's accuracy. The learning rate parameter is specified in the following HPO configuration:
During the results analysis, the ML specialist determines that most of the training jobs had a learning rate between 0.01 and 0.1. The best result had a learning rate of less than 0.01. Training jobs need to run regularly over a changing dataset. The ML specialist needs to find a tuning mechanism that uses different learning rates more evenly from the provided range between MinValue and MaxValue.
Which solution provides the MOST accurate result?

Question38: A machine learning specialist is running an Amazon SageMaker endpoint using the built-in object detection algorithm on a P3 instance for real-time predictions in a company's production application. When evaluating the model's resource utilization, the specialist notices that the model is using only a fraction of the GPU.
Which architecture changes would ensure that provisioned resources are being utilized effectively?

Question39: A data engineer needs to provide a team of data scientists with the appropriate dataset to run machine learning training jobs. The data will be stored in Amazon S3. The data engineer is obtaining the data from an Amazon Redshift database and is using join queries to extract a single tabular dataset. A portion of the schema is as follows:
...traction Timestamp (Timeslamp)
...JName(Varchar)
...JNo (Varchar)
Th data engineer must provide the data so that any row with a CardNo value of NULL is removed. Also, the TransactionTimestamp column must be separated into a TransactionDate column and a isactionTime column Finally, the CardName column must be renamed to NameOnCard.
The data will be extracted on a monthly basis and will be loaded into an S3 bucket. The solution must minimize the effort that is needed to set up infrastructure for the ingestion and transformation. The solution must be automated and must minimize the load on the Amazon Redshift cluster Which solution meets these requirements?

Question40: Acybersecurity company is collecting on-premises server logs, mobile app logs, and loT sensor data. The company backs up the ingested data in an Amazon S3 bucket and sends the ingested data to Amazon OpenSearch Service for further analysis. Currently, the company has a custom ingestion pipeline that is running on Amazon EC2 instances. The company needs to implement a new serverless ingestion pipeline that can automatically scale to handle sudden changes in the data flow.
Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Question41: A manufacturing company wants to use machine learning (ML) to automate quality control in its facilities.
The facilities are in remote locations and have limited internet connectivity. The company has 20 ## of training data that consists of labeled images of defective product parts. The training data is in the corporate on- premises data center.
The company will use this data to train a model for real-time defect detection in new parts as the parts move on a conveyor belt in the facilities. The company needs a solution that minimizes costs for compute infrastructure and that maximizes the scalability of resources for training. The solution also must facilitate the company's use of an ML model in the low-connectivity environments.
Which solution will meet these requirements?

Question42: An online store is predicting future book sales by using a linear regression model that is based on past sales data. The data includes duration, a numerical feature that represents the number of days that a book has been listed in the online store. A data scientist performs an exploratory data analysis and discovers that the relationship between book sales and duration is skewed and non-linear.
Which data transformation step should the data scientist take to improve the predictions of the model?

Question43: A Machine Learning Specialist discover the following statistics while experimenting on a model.
What can the Specialist from the experiments?

Question44: An office security agency conducted a successful pilot using 100 cameras installed at key locations within the main office. Images from the cameras were uploaded to Amazon S3 and tagged using Amazon Rekognition, and the results were stored in Amazon ES. The agency is now looking to expand the pilot into a full production system using thousands of video cameras in its office locations globally. The goal is to identify activities performed by non-employees in real time.
Which solution should the agency consider?

Question45: Each morning, a data scientist at a rental car company creates insights about the previous day's rental car reservation demands. The company needs to automate this process by streaming the data to Amazon S3 in near real time. The solution must detect high-demand rental cars at each of the company's locations. The solution also must create a visualization dashboard that automatically refreshes with the most recent data.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST development time?

Question46: An aircraft engine manufacturing company is measuring 200 performance metrics in a time-series. Engineers want to detect critical manufacturing defects in near-real time during testing. All of the data needs to be stored for offline analysis.
What approach would be the MOST effective to perform near-real time defect detection?

Question47: A machine learning specialist is developing a regression model to predict rental rates from rental listings. A variable named Wall_Color represents the most prominent exterior wall color of the property. The following is the sample data, excluding all other variables:
The specialist chose a model that needs numerical input data.
Which feature engineering approaches should the specialist use to allow the regression model to learn from the Wall_Color data? (Choose two.)

Question48: An ecommerce company has developed a XGBoost model in Amazon SageMaker to predict whether a customer will return a purchased item. The dataset is imbalanced. Only 5% of customers return items A data scientist must find the hyperparameters to capture as many instances of returned items as possible. The company has a small budget for compute.
How should the data scientist meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Question49: A Data Scientist is developing a machine learning model to predict future patient outcomes based on information collected about each patient and their treatment plans. The model should output a continuous value as its prediction. The data available includes labeled outcomes for a set of 4,000 patients. The study was conducted on a group of individuals over the age of 65 who have a particular disease that is known to worsen with age.
Initial models have performed poorly. While reviewing the underlying data, the Data Scientist notices that, out of 4,000 patient observations, there are 450 where the patient age has been input as 0. The other features for these observations appear normal compared to the rest of the sample population.
How should the Data Scientist correct this issue?

Question50: A company is using Amazon Textract to extract textual data from thousands of scanned text-heavy legal documents daily. The company uses this information to process loan applications automatically. Some of the documents fail business validation and are returned to human reviewers, who investigate the errors. This activity increases the time to process the loan applications.
What should the company do to reduce the processing time of loan applications?

Question51: A company will use Amazon SageMaker to train and host a machine learning (ML) model for a marketing campaign. The majority of data is sensitive customer data. The data must be encrypted at rest. The company wants AWS to maintain the root of trust for the master keys and wants encryption key usage to be logged.
Which implementation will meet these requirements?

Question52: A bank's Machine Learning team is developing an approach for credit card fraud detection The company has a large dataset of historical data labeled as fraudulent The goal is to build a model to take the information from new transactions and predict whether each transaction is fraudulent or not Which built-in Amazon SageMaker machine learning algorithm should be used for modeling this problem?

Question53: A medical imaging company wants to train a computer vision model to detect areas of concern on patients' CT scans. The company has a large collection of unlabeled CT scans that are linked to each patient and stored in an Amazon S3 bucket. The scans must be accessible to authorized users only. A machine learning engineer needs to build a labeling pipeline.
Which set of steps should the engineer take to build the labeling pipeline with the LEAST effort?

Question54: A Machine Learning Specialist was given a dataset consisting of unlabeled data The Specialist must create a model that can help the team classify the data into different buckets What model should be used to complete this work?

Question55: A business to business (B2B) ecommerce company wants to develop a fair and equitable risk mitigation strategy to reject potentially fraudulent transactions. The company wants to reject fraudulent transactions despite the possibility of losing some profitable transactions or customers.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational effort?

Question56: The chief editor for a product catalog wants the research and development team to build a machine learning system that can be used to detect whether or not individuals in a collection of images are wearing the company's retail brand. The team has a set of training data.
Which machine learning algorithm should the researchers use that BEST meets their requirements?

Question57: A company stores its documents in Amazon S3 with no predefined product categories. A data scientist needs to build a machine learning model to categorize the documents for all the company's products.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the MOST operational efficiency?

Question58: An automotive company uses computer vision in its autonomous cars. The company trained its object detection models successfully by using transfer learning from a convolutional neural network (CNN). The company trained the models by using PyTorch through the Amazon SageMaker SDK.
The vehicles have limited hardware and compute power. The company wants to optimize the model to reduce memory, battery, and hardware consumption without a significant sacrifice in accuracy.
Which solution will improve the computational efficiency of the models?

Question59: A company is converting a large number of unstructured paper receipts into images. The company wants to create a model based on natural language processing (NLP) to find relevant entities such as date, location, and notes, as well as some custom entities such as receipt numbers.
The company is using optical character recognition (OCR) to extract text for data labeling. However, documents are in different structures and formats, and the company is facing challenges with setting up the manual workflows for each document type. Additionally, the company trained a named entity recognition (NER) model for custom entity detection using a small sample size. This model has a very low confidence score and will require retraining with a large dataset.
Which solution for text extraction and entity detection will require the LEAST amount of effort?

Question60: A Machine Learning Specialist observes several performance problems with the training portion of a machine learning solution on Amazon SageMaker The solution uses a large training dataset 2 TB in size and is using the SageMaker k-means algorithm The observed issues include the unacceptable length of time it takes before the training job launches and poor I/O throughput while training the model What should the Specialist do to address the performance issues with the current solution?

Question61: A Data Scientist wants to gain real-time insights into a data stream of GZIP files. Which solution would allow the use of SQL to query the stream with the LEAST latency?

Question62: A data scientist is training a text classification model by using the Amazon SageMaker built-in BlazingText algorithm. There are 5 classes in the dataset, with 300 samples for category A, 292 samples for category B,
240 samples for category C, 258 samples for category D, and 310 samples for category E.
The data scientist shuffles the data and splits off 10% for testing. After training the model, the data scientist generates confusion matrices for the training and test sets.

What could the data scientist conclude form these results?

Question63: A Machine Learning Specialist is deciding between building a naive Bayesian model or a full Bayesian network for a classification problem. The Specialist computes the Pearson correlation coefficients between each feature and finds that their absolute values range between 0.1 to 0.95.
Which model describes the underlying data in this situation?

Question64: For the given confusion matrix, what is the recall and precision of the model?

Question65: A financial services company is building a robust serverless data lake on Amazon S3. The data lake should be flexible and meet the following requirements:
* Support querying old and new data on Amazon S3 through Amazon Athena and Amazon Redshift Spectrum.
* Support event-driven ETL pipelines.
* Provide a quick and easy way to understand metadata.
Which approach meets trfese requirements?

Question66: A company has an ecommerce website with a product recommendation engine built in TensorFlow. The recommendation engine endpoint is hosted by Amazon SageMaker. Three compute-optimized instances support the expected peak load of the website.
Response times on the product recommendation page are increasing at the beginning of each month. Some users are encountering errors. The website receives the majority of its traffic between 8 AM and 6 PM on weekdays in a single time zone.
Which of the following options are the MOST effective in solving the issue while keeping costs to a minimum? (Choose two.)

Question67: A Machine Learning Specialist is given a structured dataset on the shopping habits of a company's customer base. The dataset contains thousands of columns of data and hundreds of numerical columns for each customer. The Specialist wants to identify whether there are natural groupings for these columns across all customers and visualize the results as quickly as possible.
What approach should the Specialist take to accomplish these tasks?

Question68: A Machine Learning Specialist needs to move and transform data in preparation for training Some of the data needs to be processed in near-real time and other data can be moved hourly There are existing Amazon EMR MapReduce jobs to clean and feature engineering to perform on the data Which of the following services can feed data to the MapReduce jobs? (Select TWO )

Question69: A company wants to use automatic speech recognition (ASR) to transcribe messages that are less than 60 seconds long from a voicemail-style application. The company requires the correct identification of 200 unique product names, some of which have unique spellings or pronunciations.
The company has 4,000 words of Amazon SageMaker Ground Truth voicemail transcripts it can use to customize the chosen ASR model. The company needs to ensure that everyone can update their customizations multiple times each hour.
Which approach will maximize transcription accuracy during the development phase?

Question70: A data scientist wants to use Amazon Forecast to build a forecasting model for inventory demand for a retail company. The company has provided a dataset of historic inventory demand for its products as a .csv file stored in an Amazon S3 bucket. The table below shows a sample of the dataset.
How should the data scientist transform the data?

Question71: A data engineer at a bank is evaluating a new tabular dataset that includes customer data. The data engineer will use the customer data to create a new model to predict customer behavior. After creating a correlation matrix for the variables, the data engineer notices that many of the 100 features are highly correlated with each other.
Which steps should the data engineer take to address this issue? (Choose two.)

Question72: A web-based company wants to improve its conversion rate on its landing page Using a large historical dataset of customer visits, the company has repeatedly trained a multi-class deep learning network algorithm on Amazon SageMaker However there is an overfitting problem training data shows 90% accuracy in predictions, while test data shows 70% accuracy only The company needs to boost the generalization of its model before deploying it into production to maximize conversions of visits to purchases Which action is recommended to provide the HIGHEST accuracy model for the company's test and validation data?

Question73: A real estate company wants to create a machine learning model for predicting housing prices based on a historical dataset. The dataset contains 32 features.
Which model will meet the business requirement?

Question74: A machine learning (ML) specialist needs to extract embedding vectors from a text series. The goal is to provide a ready-to-ingest feature space for a data scientist to develop downstream ML predictive models. The text consists of curated sentences in English. Many sentences use similar words but in different contexts.
There are questions and answers among the sentences, and the embedding space must differentiate between them.
Which options can produce the required embedding vectors that capture word context and sequential QA information? (Choose two.)

Question75: A Machine Learning Specialist is working for an online retailer that wants to run analytics on every customer visit, processed through a machine learning pipeline. The data needs to be ingested by Amazon Kinesis Data Streams at up to 100 transactions per second, and the JSON data blob is 100 KB in size.
What is the MINIMUM number of shards in Kinesis Data Streams the Specialist should use to successfully ingest this data?

Question76: A Mobile Network Operator is building an analytics platform to analyze and optimize a company's operations using Amazon Athena and Amazon S3 The source systems send data in CSV format in real lime The Data Engineering team wants to transform the data to the Apache Parquet format before storing it on Amazon S3 Which solution takes the LEAST effort to implement?

Question77: A retail company wants to build a recommendation system for the company's website. The system needs to provide recommendations for existing users and needs to base those recommendations on each user's past browsing history. The system also must filter out any items that the user previously purchased.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST development effort?

Question78: A wildlife research company has a set of images of lions and cheetahs. The company created a dataset of the images. The company labeled each image with a binary label that indicates whether an image contains a lion or cheetah. The company wants to train a model to identify whether new images contain a lion or cheetah.
.... Dh Amazon SageMaker algorithm will meet this requirement?

Question79: A Machine Learning Specialist is designing a scalable data storage solution for Amazon SageMaker. There is an existing TensorFlow-based model implemented as a train.py script that relies on static training data that is currently stored as TFRecords.
Which method of providing training data to Amazon SageMaker would meet the business requirements with the LEAST development overhead?

Question80: An insurance company is developing a new device for vehicles that uses a camera to observe drivers' behavior and alert them when they appear distracted The company created approximately 10,000 training images in a controlled environment that a Machine Learning Specialist will use to train and evaluate machine learning models During the model evaluation the Specialist notices that the training error rate diminishes faster as the number of epochs increases and the model is not accurately inferring on the unseen test images Which of the following should be used to resolve this issue? (Select TWO)

Question81: A finance company needs to forecast the price of a commodity. The company has compiled a dataset of historical daily prices. A data scientist must train various forecasting models on 80% of the dataset and must validate the efficacy of those models on the remaining 20% of the dataset.
What should the data scientist split the dataset into a training dataset and a validation dataset to compare model performance?

Question82: A machine learning (ML) engineer is preparing a dataset for a classification model. The ML engineer notices that some continuous numeric features have a significantly greater value than most other features. A business expert explains that the features are independently informative and that the dataset is representative of the target distribution.
After training, the model's inferences accuracy is lower than expected.
Which preprocessing technique will result in the GREATEST increase of the model's inference accuracy?

Question83: A retail company wants to update its customer support system. The company wants to implement automatic routing of customer claims to different queues to prioritize the claims by category.
Currently, an operator manually performs the category assignment and routing. After the operator classifies and routes the claim, the company stores the claim's record in a central database. The claim's record includes the claim's category.
The company has no data science team or experience in the field of machine learning (ML). The company's small development team needs a solution that requires no ML expertise.
Which solution meets these requirements?

Question84: Given the following confusion matrix for a movie classification model, what is the true class frequency for Romance and the predicted class frequency for Adventure?

Question85: A chemical company has developed several machine learning (ML) solutions to identify chemical process abnormalities. The time series values of independent variables and the labels are available for the past 2 years and are sufficient to accurately model the problem.
The regular operation label is marked as 0. The abnormal operation label is marked as 1 . Process abnormalities have a significant negative effect on the companys profits. The company must avoid these abnormalities.
Which metrics will indicate an ML solution that will provide the GREATEST probability of detecting an abnormality?

Question86: A Machine Learning Specialist is assigned a TensorFlow project using Amazon SageMaker for training, and needs to continue working for an extended period with no Wi-Fi access.
Which approach should the Specialist use to continue working?

Question87: A pharmaceutical company performs periodic audits of clinical trial sites to quickly resolve critical findings.
The company stores audit documents in text format. Auditors have requested help from a data science team to quickly analyze the documents. The auditors need to discover the 10 main topics within the documents to prioritize and distribute the review work among the auditing team members. Documents that describe adverse events must receive the highest priority.
A data scientist will use statistical modeling to discover abstract topics and to provide a list of the top words for each category to help the auditors assess the relevance of the topic.
Which algorithms are best suited to this scenario? (Choose two.)

Question88: A data scientist is working on a forecast problem by using a dataset that consists of .csv files that are stored in Amazon S3. The files contain a timestamp variable in the following format:
March 1st, 2020, 08:14pm -
There is a hypothesis about seasonal differences in the dependent variable. This number could be higher or lower for weekdays because some days and hours present varying values, so the day of the week, month, or hour could be an important factor. As a result, the data scientist needs to transform the timestamp into weekdays, month, and day as three separate variables to conduct an analysis.
Which solution requires the LEAST operational overhead to create a new dataset with the added features?

Question89: A machine learning (ML) specialist at a retail company must build a system to forecast the daily sales for one of the company's stores. The company provided the ML specialist with sales data for this store from the past
10 years. The historical dataset includes the total amount of sales on each day for the store. Approximately
10% of the days in the historical dataset are missing sales data.
The ML specialist builds a forecasting model based on the historical dataset. The specialist discovers that the model does not meet the performance standards that the company requires.
Which action will MOST likely improve the performance for the forecasting model?

Question90: A telecommunications company is developing a mobile app for its customers. The company is using an Amazon SageMaker hosted endpoint for machine learning model inferences.
Developers want to introduce a new version of the model for a limited number of users who subscribed to a preview feature of the app. After the new version of the model is tested as a preview, developers will evaluate its accuracy. If a new version of the model has better accuracy, developers need to be able to gradually release the new version for all users over a fixed period of time.
How can the company implement the testing model with the LEAST amount of operational overhead?

Question91: A Data Scientist is training a multilayer perception (MLP) on a dataset with multiple classes. The target class of interest is unique compared to the other classes within the dataset, but it does not achieve and acceptable ecall metric. The Data Scientist has already tried varying the number and size of the MLP's hidden layers, which has not significantly improved the results. A solution to improve recall must be implemented as quickly as possible.
Which techniques should be used to meet these requirements?

Question92: A Data Scientist needs to migrate an existing on-premises ETL process to the cloud The current process runs at regular time intervals and uses PySpark to combine and format multiple large data sources into a single consolidated output for downstream processing The Data Scientist has been given the following requirements for the cloud solution
* Combine multiple data sources
* Reuse existing PySpark logic
* Run the solution on the existing schedule
* Minimize the number of servers that will need to be managed
Which architecture should the Data Scientist use to build this solution?

Question93: A Machine Learning Specialist is designing a system for improving sales for a company. The objective is to use the large amount of information the company has on users' behavior and product preferences to predict which products users would like based on the users' similarity to other users.
What should the Specialist do to meet this objective?

Question94: A company processes millions of orders every day. The company uses Amazon DynamoDB tables to store order information. When customers submit new orders, the new orders are immediately added to the DynamoDB tables. New orders arrive in the DynamoDB tables continuously.
A data scientist must build a peak-time prediction solution. The data scientist must also create an Amazon OuickSight dashboard to display near real-lime order insights. The data scientist needs to build a solution that will give QuickSight access to the data as soon as new order information arrives.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST delay between when a new order is processed and when QuickSight can access the new order information?

Question95: A data scientist needs to identify fraudulent user accounts for a company's ecommerce platform. The company wants the ability to determine if a newly created account is associated with a previously known fraudulent user. The data scientist is using AWS Glue to cleanse the company's application logs during ingestion.
Which strategy will allow the data scientist to identify fraudulent accounts?

Question96: A company is observing low accuracy while training on the default built-in image classification algorithm in Amazon SageMaker. The Data Science team wants to use an Inception neural network architecture instead of a ResNet architecture.
Which of the following will accomplish this? (Select TWO.)

Question97: While working on a neural network project, a Machine Learning Specialist discovers thai some features in the data have very high magnitude resulting in this data being weighted more in the cost function What should the Specialist do to ensure better convergence during backpropagation?

Question98: A company's machine learning (ML) specialist is building a computer vision model to classify 10 different traffic signs. The company has stored 100 images of each class in Amazon S3, and the company has another
10.000 unlabeled images. All the images come from dash cameras and are a size of 224 pixels * 224 pixels.
After several training runs, the model is overfitting on the training data.
Which actions should the ML specialist take to address this problem? (Select TWO.)

Question99: A Data Scientist is working on an application that performs sentiment analysis. The validation accuracy is poor and the Data Scientist thinks that the cause may be a rich vocabulary and a low average frequency of words in the dataset Which tool should be used to improve the validation accuracy?

Question100: A company's data scientist has trained a new machine learning model that performs better on test data than the company's existing model performs in the production environment. The data scientist wants to replace the existing model that runs on an Amazon SageMaker endpoint in the production environment. However, the company is concerned that the new model might not work well on the production environment data.
The data scientist needs to perform A/B testing in the production environment to evaluate whether the new model performs well on production environment data.
Which combination of steps must the data scientist take to perform the A/B testing? (Choose two.)

Question101: A company has raw user and transaction data stored in AmazonS3 a MySQL database, and Amazon RedShift A Data Scientist needs to perform an analysis by joining the three datasets from Amazon S3, MySQL, and Amazon RedShift, and then calculating the average-of a few selected columns from the joined data Which AWS service should the Data Scientist use?

Question102: While reviewing the histogram for residuals on regression evaluation data a Machine Learning Specialist notices that the residuals do not form a zero-centered bell shape as shown What does this mean?

Question103: A manufacturing company has structured and unstructured data stored in an Amazon S3 bucket A Machine Learning Specialist wants to use SQL to run queries on this data. Which solution requires the LEAST effort to be able to query this data?

Question104: A logistics company needs a forecast model to predict next month's inventory requirements for a single item in 10 warehouses. A machine learning specialist uses Amazon Forecast to develop a forecast model from 3 years of monthly data. There is no missing data. The specialist selects the DeepAR+ algorithm to train a predictor. The predictor means absolute percentage error (MAPE) is much larger than the MAPE produced by the current human forecasters.
Which changes to the CreatePredictor API call could improve the MAPE? (Choose two.)

Question105: A data scientist at a financial services company used Amazon SageMaker to train and deploy a model that predicts loan defaults. The model analyzes new loan applications and predicts the risk of loan default. To train the model, the data scientist manually extracted loan data from a database. The data scientist performed the model training and deployment steps in a Jupyter notebook that is hosted on SageMaker Studio notebooks.
The model's prediction accuracy is decreasing over time. Which combination of slept in the MOST operationally efficient way for the data scientist to maintain the model's accuracy? (Select TWO.)

Question106: A Machine Learning Specialist trained a regression model, but the first iteration needs optimizing. The Specialist needs to understand whether the model is more frequently overestimating or underestimating the target.
What option can the Specialist use to determine whether it is overestimating or underestimating the target value?

Question107: A company ingests machine learning (ML) data from web advertising clicks into an Amazon S3 data lake.
Click data is added to an Amazon Kinesis data stream by using the Kinesis Producer Library (KPL). The data is loaded into the S3 data lake from the data stream by using an Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose delivery stream. As the data volume increases, an ML specialist notices that the rate of data ingested into Amazon S3 is relatively constant. There also is an increasing backlog of data for Kinesis Data Streams and Kinesis Data Firehose to ingest.
Which next step is MOST likely to improve the data ingestion rate into Amazon S3?

Question108: A car company is developing a machine learning solution to detect whether a car is present in an image. The image dataset consists of one million images. Each image in the dataset is 200 pixels in height by 200 pixels in width. Each image is labeled as either having a car or not having a car.
Which architecture is MOST likely to produce a model that detects whether a car is present in an image with the highest accuracy?

Question109: A Data Engineer needs to build a model using a dataset containing customer credit card information.
How can the Data Engineer ensure the data remains encrypted and the credit card information is secure?

Question110: Amazon Connect has recently been tolled out across a company as a contact call center The solution has been configured to store voice call recordings on Amazon S3 The content of the voice calls are being analyzed for the incidents being discussed by the call operators Amazon Transcribe is being used to convert the audio to text, and the output is stored on Amazon S3 Which approach will provide the information required for further analysis?

Question111: A law firm handles thousands of contracts every day. Every contract must be signed. Currently, a lawyer manually checks all contracts for signatures.
The law firm is developing a machine learning (ML) solution to automate signature detection for each contract. The ML solution must also provide a confidence score for each contract page.
Which Amazon Textract API action can the law firm use to generate a confidence score for each page of each contract?

Question112: A company is creating an application to identify, count, and classify animal images that are uploaded to the company's website. The company is using the Amazon SageMaker image classification algorithm with an ImageNetV2 convolutional neural network (CNN). The solution works well for most animal images but does not recognize many animal species that are less common.
The company obtains 10,000 labeled images of less common animal species and stores the images in Amazon S3. A machine learning (ML) engineer needs to incorporate the images into the model by using Pipe mode in SageMaker.
Which combination of steps should the ML engineer take to train the model? (Choose two.)

Question113: A machine learning (ML) specialist wants to create a data preparation job that uses a PySpark script with complex window aggregation operations to create data for training and testing. The ML specialist needs to evaluate the impact of the number of features and the sample count on model performance.
Which approach should the ML specialist use to determine the ideal data transformations for the model?

Question114: A Machine Learning Specialist has completed a proof of concept for a company using a small data sample and now the Specialist is ready to implement an end-to-end solution in AWS using Amazon SageMaker The historical training data is stored in Amazon RDS Which approach should the Specialist use for training a model using that data?

Question115: A Machine Learning Specialist built an image classification deep learning model. However the Specialist ran into an overfitting problem in which the training and testing accuracies were 99% and 75%r respectively.
How should the Specialist address this issue and what is the reason behind it?

Question116: A Machine Learning Specialist wants to determine the appropriate SageMaker Variant Invocations Per Instance setting for an endpoint automatic scaling configuration. The Specialist has performed a load test on a single instance and determined that peak requests per second (RPS) without service degradation is about 20 RPS As this is the first deployment, the Specialist intends to set the invocation safety factor to 0 5 Based on the stated parameters and given that the invocations per instance setting is measured on a per-minute basis, what should the Specialist set as the sageMaker variant invocations Per instance setting?

Question117: A machine learning specialist stores IoT soil sensor data in Amazon DynamoDB table and stores weather event data as JSON files in Amazon S3. The dataset in DynamoDB is 10 GB in size and the dataset in Amazon S3 is 5 GB in size. The specialist wants to train a model on this data to help predict soil moisture levels as a function of weather events using Amazon SageMaker.
Which solution will accomplish the necessary transformation to train the Amazon SageMaker model with the LEAST amount of administrative overhead?

Question118: A machine learning (ML) specialist uploads 5 TB of data to an Amazon SageMaker Studio environment. The ML specialist performs initial data cleansing. Before the ML specialist begins to train a model, the ML specialist needs to create and view an analysis report that details potential bias in the uploaded data.
Which combination of actions will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead? (Choose two.)

Question119: A financial company is trying to detect credit card fraud. The company observed that, on average, 2% of credit card transactions were fraudulent. A data scientist trained a classifier on a year's worth of credit card transactions data. The model needs to identify the fraudulent transactions (positives) from the regular ones (negatives). The company's goal is to accurately capture as many positives as possible.
Which metrics should the data scientist use to optimize the model? (Choose two.)

Question120: A global bank requires a solution to predict whether customers will leave the bank and choose another bank.
The bank is using a dataset to train a model to predict customer loss. The training dataset has 1,000 rows. The training dataset includes 100 instances of customers who left the bank.
A machine learning (ML) specialist is using Amazon SageMaker Data Wrangler to train a churn prediction model by using a SageMaker training job. After training, the ML specialist notices that the model returns only false results. The ML specialist must correct the model so that it returns more accurate predictions.
Which solution will meet these requirements?

Question121: A Machine Learning Specialist wants to bring a custom algorithm to Amazon SageMaker. The Specialist implements the algorithm in a Docker container supported by Amazon SageMaker.
How should the Specialist package the Docker container so that Amazon SageMaker can launch the training correctly?

Question122: A company is using Amazon Polly to translate plaintext documents to speech for automated company announcements However company acronyms are being mispronounced in the current documents How should a Machine Learning Specialist address this issue for future documents?

Question123: A Machine Learning Specialist is working with multiple data sources containing billions of records that need to be joined. What feature engineering and model development approach should the Specialist take with a dataset this large?

Question124: A machine learning (ML) developer for an online retailer recently uploaded a sales dataset into Amazon SageMaker Studio. The ML developer wants to obtain importance scores for each feature of the dataset. The ML developer will use the importance scores to feature engineer the dataset.
Which solution will meet this requirement with the LEAST development effort?

Question125: A Data Scientist received a set of insurance records, each consisting of a record ID, the final outcome among
200 categories, and the date of the final outcome. Some partial information on claim contents is also provided, but only for a few of the 200 categories. For each outcome category, there are hundreds of records distributed over the past 3 years. The Data Scientist wants to predict how many claims to expect in each category from month to month, a few months in advance.
What type of machine learning model should be used?

Question126: A data scientist has developed a machine learning translation model for English to Japanese by using Amazon SageMaker's built-in seq2seq algorithm with 500,000 aligned sentence pairs. While testing with sample sentences, the data scientist finds that the translation quality is reasonable for an example as short as five words. However, the quality becomes unacceptable if the sentence is 100 words long.
Which action will resolve the problem?

Question127: A manufacturing company has a production line with sensors that collect hundreds of quality metrics. The company has stored sensor data and manual inspection results in a data lake for several months. To automate quality control, the machine learning team must build an automated mechanism that determines whether the produced goods are good quality, replacement market quality, or scrap quality based on the manual inspection results.
Which modeling approach will deliver the MOST accurate prediction of product quality?

Question128: A company wants to predict stock market price trends. The company stores stock market data each business day in Amazon S3 in Apache Parquet format. The company stores 20 GB of data each day for each stock code.
A data engineer must use Apache Spark to perform batch preprocessing data transformations quickly so the company can complete prediction jobs before the stock market opens the next day. The company plans to track more stock market codes and needs a way to scale the preprocessing data transformations.
Which AWS service or feature will meet these requirements with the LEAST development effort over time?

Question129: A manufacturing company stores production volume data in a PostgreSQL database.
The company needs an end-to-end solution that will give business analysts the ability to prepare data for processing and to predict future production volume based the previous year's production volume. The solution must not require the company to have coding knowledge.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST effort?

Question130: A data scientist is building a linear regression model. The scientist inspects the dataset and notices that the mode of the distribution is lower than the median, and the median is lower than the mean.
Which data transformation will give the data scientist the ability to apply a linear regression model?

Question131: A large consumer goods manufacturer has the following products on sale
* 34 different toothpaste variants
* 48 different toothbrush variants
* 43 different mouthwash variants
The entire sales history of all these products is available in Amazon S3 Currently, the company is using custom-built autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models to forecast demand for these products The company wants to predict the demand for a new product that will soon be launched Which solution should a Machine Learning Specialist apply?

Question132: An online reseller has a large, multi-column dataset with one column missing 30% of its data A Machine Learning Specialist believes that certain columns in the dataset could be used to reconstruct the missing data.
Which reconstruction approach should the Specialist use to preserve the integrity of the dataset?

Question133: An agricultural company is interested in using machine learning to detect specific types of weeds in a 100- acre grassland field. Currently, the company uses tractor-mounted cameras to capture multiple images of the field as 10 × 10 grids. The company also has a large training dataset that consists of annotated images of popular weed classes like broadleaf and non-broadleaf docks.
The company wants to build a weed detection model that will detect specific types of weeds and the location of each type within the field. Once the model is ready, it will be hosted on Amazon SageMaker endpoints.
The model will perform real-time inferencing using the images captured by the cameras.
Which approach should a Machine Learning Specialist take to obtain accurate predictions?

Question134: A company is building a demand forecasting model based on machine learning (ML). In the development stage, an ML specialist uses an Amazon SageMaker notebook to perform feature engineering during work hours that consumes low amounts of CPU and memory resources. A data engineer uses the same notebook to perform data preprocessing once a day on average that requires very high memory and completes in only 2 hours. The data preprocessing is not configured to use GPU. All the processes are running well on an ml.m5.
4xlarge notebook instance.
The company receives an AWS Budgets alert that the billing for this month exceeds the allocated budget.
Which solution will result in the MOST cost savings?

Question135: A Machine Learning Specialist is planning to create a long-running Amazon EMR cluster. The EMR cluster will have 1 master node, 10 core nodes, and 20 task nodes. To save on costs, the Specialist will use Spot Instances in the EMR cluster.
Which nodes should the Specialist launch on Spot Instances?

Question136: A company offers an online shopping service to its customers. The company wants to enhance the site's security by requesting additional information when customers access the site from locations that are different from their normal location. The company wants to update the process to call a machine learning (ML) model to determine when additional information should be requested.
The company has several terabytes of data from its existing ecommerce web servers containing the source IP addresses for each request made to the web server. For authenticated requests, the records also contain the login name of the requesting user.
Which approach should an ML specialist take to implement the new security feature in the web application?

Question137: A company's Machine Learning Specialist needs to improve the training speed of a time-series forecasting model using TensorFlow. The training is currently implemented on a single-GPU machine and takes approximately 23 hours to complete. The training needs to be run daily.
The model accuracy js acceptable, but the company anticipates a continuous increase in the size of the training data and a need to update the model on an hourly, rather than a daily, basis. The company also wants to minimize coding effort and infrastructure changes What should the Machine Learning Specialist do to the training solution to allow it to scale for future demand?

Question138: A Machine Learning Specialist has built a model using Amazon SageMaker built-in algorithms and is not getting expected accurate results The Specialist wants to use hyperparameter optimization to increase the model's accuracy Which method is the MOST repeatable and requires the LEAST amount of effort to achieve this?

Question139: A company is running a machine learning prediction service that generates 100 TB of predictions every day A Machine Learning Specialist must generate a visualization of the daily precision-recall curve from the predictions, and forward a read-only version to the Business team.
Which solution requires the LEAST coding effort?

Question140: A credit card company wants to build a credit scoring model to help predict whether a new credit card applicant will default on a credit card payment. The company has collected data from a large number of sources with thousands of raw attributes. Early experiments to train a classification model revealed that many attributes are highly correlated, the large number of features slows down the training speed significantly, and that there are some overfitting issues.
The Data Scientist on this project would like to speed up the model training time without losing a lot of information from the original dataset.
Which feature engineering technique should the Data Scientist use to meet the objectives?

Question141: A Machine Learning Specialist is building a model to predict future employment rates based on a wide range of economic factors While exploring the data, the Specialist notices that the magnitude of the input features vary greatly The Specialist does not want variables with a larger magnitude to dominate the model What should the Specialist do to prepare the data for model training'?

Question142: A company builds computer-vision models that use deep learning for the autonomous vehicle industry. A machine learning (ML) specialist uses an Amazon EC2 instance that has a CPU: GPU ratio of 12:1 to train the models.
The ML specialist examines the instance metric logs and notices that the GPU is idle half of the time The ML specialist must reduce training costs without increasing the duration of the training jobs.
Which solution will meet these requirements?

Question143: A data scientist is trying to improve the accuracy of a neural network classification model. The data scientist wants to run a large hyperparameter tuning job in Amazon SageMaker.
However, previous smaller tuning jobs on the same model often ran for several weeks. The ML specialist wants to reduce the computation time required to run the tuning job.
Which actions will MOST reduce the computation time for the hyperparameter tuning job? (Select TWO.)

Question144: An obtain relator collects the following data on customer orders: demographics, behaviors, location, shipment progress, and delivery time. A data scientist joins all the collected datasets. The result is a single dataset that includes 980 variables.
The data scientist must develop a machine learning (ML) model to identify groups of customers who are likely to respond to a marketing campaign.
Which combination of algorithms should the data scientist use to meet this requirement? (Select TWO.)

Question145: A credit card company wants to identify fraudulent transactions in real time. A data scientist builds a machine learning model for this purpose. The transactional data is captured and stored in Amazon S3. The historic data is already labeled with two classes: fraud (positive) and fair transactions (negative). The data scientist removes all the missing data and builds a classifier by using the XGBoost algorithm in Amazon SageMaker.
The model produces the following results:
* True positive rate (TPR): 0.700
* False negative rate (FNR): 0.300
* True negative rate (TNR): 0.977
* False positive rate (FPR): 0.023
* Overall accuracy: 0.949
Which solution should the data scientist use to improve the performance of the model?

Question146: A company has a podcast platform that has thousands of users. The company implemented an algorithm to detect low podcast engagement based on a 10-minute running window of user events such as listening to.
pausing, and closing the podcast. A machine learning (ML) specialist is designing the ingestion process for these events. The ML specialist needs to transform the data to prepare the data for inference.
How should the ML specialist design the transformation step to meet these requirements with the LEAST operational effort?